Anti-Human TIGIT (Clone 4E1.2) – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Clone 4E1.2 is a mouse monoclonal antibody specific for human TIGIT, and it is used for in vivo mouse studies to investigate the functional role and therapeutic targeting of TIGIT, particularly in immune-oncology research. Its use in vivo is generally to block, deplete, or modulate TIGIT-mediated immune signaling in humanized mouse models or immunodeficient mice engrafted with human immune cells, as the antibody targets human (not mouse) TIGIT.

Key details and context:

• Application: It is categorized as an in vivo GOLD™ functional grade antibody, signifying suitability for preclinical animal studies without the confounding effects of high endotoxin levels.
• Purpose in studies: Clone 4E1.2 is employed to study how inhibiting human TIGIT alters immune responses such as T cell priming, NK cell function, and regulatory T cell activity during tumor immunity or other immunological diseases.
• Experimental setup: Since 4E1.2 targets human TIGIT, its use in mice is most relevant in humanized mouse models (i.e., mice engrafted with human immune cells or tumors expressing human TIGIT), not in standard wild-type mice.
• Supporting activities: Applications include blockade of TIGIT signaling, analysis of immune cell function (e.g., by flow cytometry or in functional assays), and the potential enhancement of anti-tumor responses in synergy with other immunotherapies.
• Administration: The antibody is typically administered via intraperitoneal or intravenous injection, with dosing and schedule determined by experimental goals and optimal concentrations should be titrated by the investigator.

Summary Table: Clone 4E1.2 (Anti-Human TIGIT) in Mouse Studies

Researchers are advised to determine the optimal dosage and administration schedule for their specific models and experimental questions, as outlined by suppliers and protocol sheets.

If you were asking about the unrelated "clone 4E1" (which targets CD93 and is anti-angiogenic), note it is a different antibody used in angiogenesis models, not TIGIT studies.

The search results do not provide specific information about the storage temperature for the sterile packaged clone "4E1.2." However, based on general practices for storing biological materials like antibodies and clones, it is common to store them at -20°C to maintain their integrity and prevent degradation. This temperature range is suitable for many types of biological products, including antibodies, to ensure they remain viable for longer periods. If the product is specifically designed for ultra-low temperature storage, -80°C might be recommended, but this is typically for more sensitive materials. If you have more specific instructions with the product, it's best to follow those guidelines.

Commonly used antibodies or proteins employed alongside 4E1.2 (an anti-human TIGIT monoclonal antibody) in the literature include:

• Isotype control antibodies, used as negative controls in flow cytometry and in vivo studies to distinguish specific from nonspecific binding.
• Secondary antibodies, such as anti-mouse IgG, often conjugated to fluorescent dyes (for flow cytometry) or reporters like horseradish peroxidase (HRP) or alkaline phosphatase (for immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and western blot), to detect the bound 4E1.2 primary antibody.
• Other immune checkpoint antibodies and cell surface markers—the most common practice in immunophenotyping or functional studies is to pair anti-TIGIT antibodies (such as 4E1.2) with antibodies targeting related proteins. Examples include:
  • PD-1 (Programmed death-1, CD279)
  • PD-L1 (Programmed death-ligand 1)
  • CTLA-4
  • CD3, CD4, CD8 (T-cell subsets)
  • CD28, ICOS, LAG-3, Tim-3 (co-stimulatory or co-inhibitory receptors)These combinations allow researchers to dissect complex immune checkpoint interactions and cell subset distributions in immuno-oncology or immunotherapy studies, as highlighted in various immunology and oncology research contexts (based on general scientific knowledge and industry standards; this specific pairing is not fully detailed in the provided results but is common practice).

Additionally, in imaging or multiplexed assays, researchers may use antibody alternatives such as:

• Affibodies
• DARPins
• Nanobodies
  as detection reagents for proteins commonly examined with TIGIT in cancer and immune microenvironment studies, such as HER2 or other checkpoint molecules.

When using 4E1.2:

• Matched secondary antibodies (e.g., anti-mouse IgG2a) are essential for detection, since 4E1.2 is a mouse IgG2a isotype antibody.
• For in vivo studies, low endotoxin formulations are often required.

The exact choice of co-antibodies or proteins depends on the experimental goal, but multiplexed immune profiling nearly always employs several checkpoint or lineage markers in parallel with 4E1.2.

Based on the available search results, there appears to be some confusion in your query. The search results contain information about different entities labeled "4E1," but none specifically reference a "clone 4E1.2" or its citations in scientific literature.

Available 4E1-Related Findings

The search results do contain some relevant findings about entities designated as "4E1":

Monoclonal Antibody 4E1: One study describes a monoclonal antibody designated as 4E1 that targets CD93, a protein involved in blood vessel formation. This antibody was found to neutralize the formation of new blood vessels both in laboratory conditions and in living organisms without affecting endothelial cells. The researchers determined that 4E1 recognizes a conformational epitope on CD93, specifically binding to a region that overlaps domains D1 and DX, with both extracellular domains necessary for proper epitope folding.

CRISPR Guide RNA: Another study mentions "4E1-gRNA" as part of a CRISPR/Cas9 system designed to target eIF4E genes in tobacco plants for virus resistance research. However, this appears to be a guide RNA designation rather than a clone.

Missing Information

The search results do not contain specific information about:

• A clone designated as "4E1.2"
• Citation patterns or bibliometric analysis of such a clone
• Key research findings specifically attributed to clone 4E1.2

To provide accurate information about clone 4E1.2 citations and findings, I would need search results that specifically reference this clone designation and its associated research publications.