Rat IgG₁ Isotype Control [Clone GL113] — Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Use of GL113 Clone in In Vivo Mouse Studies

GL113 is a monoclonal rat IgG1 antibody clone that specifically targets beta-galactosidase but is most commonly used as an isotype control in in vivo mouse experiments. Isotype controls like GL113 are critical for distinguishing specific antibody effects from non-specific background signals caused by the antibody class or host species.

Role as an Isotype Control

• Negative Control: GL113 is employed as a negative control to verify that observed effects are due to the specific targeting of the primary antibody, not to general IgG1-related immune responses or non-specific binding.
• Dosing and Administration: In published studies, GL113 is administered in vivo to mice—typically via intraperitoneal injection—at doses comparable to the primary antibody of interest, ensuring that any observed effects from the experimental antibody can be confidently attributed to its specificity rather than its isotype.
• Experimental Design: For example, in tumor studies, one group receives the experimental antibody (e.g., anti-IL4), another receives GL113 (isotype control), and a third may receive PBS. This setup allows researchers to assess whether therapeutic effects are specific to the target or are artifacts of the IgG1 framework.
• Safety and Specificity: GL113 has been tested against various cells and tissues to assure minimal cross-reactivity, and commercial versions are available with low endotoxin content, making them suitable for sensitive in vivo applications.

Example from Published Research

A study in cancer immunotherapy combined trastuzumab (a HER2-targeting antibody) with either an anti-IL4 antibody (11B11) or GL113 (isotype control). Mice treated with GL113 showed no significant impact on tumor growth or survival compared to untreated controls, confirming that GL113 does not exert therapeutic effects and serves its purpose as a negative control. This type of application is standard in immunology and oncology research to validate the specificity of therapeutic antibodies.

Summary Table: GL113 in In Vivo Mouse Studies

Conclusion

GL113 is a standard tool in in vivo mouse research, used as a negative control to account for non-specific effects of the rat IgG1 isotype. Its administration, alongside experimental antibodies, allows researchers to attribute therapeutic outcomes specifically to target engagement rather than general immune activation or antibody class effects.

Based on the provided search results, I cannot find any specific information about GL113 or proteins commonly used with it in the literature. The search results primarily focus on GLP-1 receptor antibodies, GPCR-targeted antibodies, and other unrelated antibody research, but do not contain references to GL113 specifically.

The search results discuss various antibody-related research including GLP-1 receptor antibodies (such as TB59-2), anti-GPCR antibodies in general, antibodies against advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs), and APJ receptor antibodies (like JN300), but none of these appear to be related to or commonly used with GL113.

Without relevant search results containing information about GL113, I cannot provide details about proteins or antibodies commonly used with it in the literature. To get accurate information about GL113 and its associated proteins or antibodies, you would need to search specifically for GL113 or provide more context about what GL113 refers to (such as whether it's an antibody, protein, compound, or cell line designation).

No results describe specific findings from "clone GL113" in primary scientific literature. The results provided only mention "clone GL113" as a technical detail—specifically, as an in vitro control antibody (often used for staining or flow cytometry). There is no discussion of research specifically focused on or arising from clone GL113 itself, nor are any key biological or clinical findings associated with this clone provided in the available sources.

If you require details on experimental results or biological insights involving clone GL113, the existing search results do not provide this information. Further searching in immunology or cytometry-focused literature may be necessary to identify studies where GL113 was directly analyzed in the context of experimental outcomes.

Dosing regimens for clone GL113—a rat IgG1 isotype control—vary across mouse models based primarily on study objectives and experimental design. However, published protocols commonly report using 1 mg per mouse administered intraperitoneally every five days for a total of six doses in tumor immunotherapy studies.

Key details based on available evidence:

• Typical Dose: 1 mg per mouse (intraperitoneal route).
• Schedule: Every five days, total of six doses across ~30 days.

Further context:

• GL113 is primarily used as an isotype control, so its dosing generally matches that of experimental antibodies in the same study to ensure matched exposure and immunoglobulin load.
• While some antibody dosing guides specify lower amounts (e.g., 100–250??g per mouse for checkpoint blockade antibodies like anti-PD-1 or anti-CTLA-4 clones), these refer to antibodies targeting specific immune checkpoints, NOT isotype controls like GL113.
• The route and frequency can be adapted for different experimental designs (e.g., disease models, acute versus chronic studies), but the cited protocol (1 mg every five days) is representative of immunotherapy/tumor studies.

If different mouse models (e.g., immunocompetent vs. immunodeficient strains) are used, dosing could theoretically be adjusted based on body weight, immune status, or experimental purpose. However, the standard dosing for GL113 does not appear to vary substantially in published protocols, likely because isotype exposure is matched to test antibody dosing rather than model-specific pharmacodynamics. There is no evidence from search results that fundamentally different regimens are used in diverse mouse models for GL113.

• Alternative antibody clones (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors) show dose variations by mouse strain, disease burden, or experimental schedule, as described in broader dosing guides. Such variation is not documented for GL113.
• Comprehensive dosing database entries (e.g., ROADMAPS) note that actual dosing regimens for each antibody and model may vary and are specified on a per-study basis, but specific variant protocols for GL113 are not listed.

In summary, GL113 is usually dosed at 1 mg/mouse intraperitoneally every 5 days for 6 doses, with no substantive differences documented across mouse models in published results. If matching test antibody dosing regimens, minor adjustments may be made, but no systematic model-based dose variation is reported in available literature.