Mouse IgG₁ Isotype Control [Clone HKSP] — Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Clone HKSP is primarily used as a Mouse IgG1 Isotype Control in in vivo mouse studies. Its main application is as a negative control to distinguish specific effects of a test antibody from non-specific effects related to antibody isotype, Fc receptor binding, or other background interactions. This means it is commonly used to provide a baseline for evaluating the effects of experimental antibodies or treatments in mice, ensuring that any observed effects are due to the specific action of the test antibody rather than irrelevant factors like isotype or Fc receptor interactions.

Here are some common applications of clone HKSP in mice:

1. Validation of Antibody Specificity: To validate the specificity of antibodies used in in vivo studies, clone HKSP helps in distinguishing between specific and non-specific effects.

2. Immune Response Studies: It can be used to study immune responses in mice by providing a control for antibodies that might be influencing the immune system.

3. Cancer Research: Although not directly mentioned, clone HKSP could be used in cancer studies to ensure that any observed effects of therapeutic antibodies are specific to the treatment rather than background interactions.

In summary, clone HKSP is crucial for ensuring the validity and specificity of in vivo antibody studies in mice.

Based on the search results, HKSP (Heat-Killed Streptococcus pneumoniae) is primarily used in immunological research to study immune responses, particularly the polysaccharide antibody response. However, the search results do not provide extensive information about other antibodies or proteins commonly paired with HKSP in scientific literature.

The main focus in HKSP research involves studying the antibody response itself rather than using HKSP in combination with other specific antibodies. The studies examine how the immune system responds to HKSP vaccination by measuring various antibody isotypes (IgM, IgG2b, IgG3) and antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in different tissues like the spleen and bone marrow.

One relevant finding is that noncognate T cell help was required for an optimal polysaccharide-capsular (PC) response after HKSP immunization. The research also investigated the response to PspA (Pneumococcal surface protein A), which is a T-dependent antigen, alongside the PC response when using HKSP.

It's worth noting that there appears to be some confusion in the search results, as some sources mention KSP (Kinesin Spindle Protein) inhibitors used in antibody-drug conjugates, which is an entirely different research area unrelated to HKSP immunology studies. These KSP-related findings involve cancer therapeutics and should not be conflated with HKSP immune response research.

The available information suggests that HKSP research primarily focuses on characterizing the immune response itself rather than combining it with other antibodies or proteins for detection or therapeutic purposes.

Clone HKSP is referenced in scientific literature primarily as a mouse IgG1 isotype control antibody, most notably used for experimental controls in immunological assays such as flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry.

Key findings and typical uses from scientific citations include:

• Experimental Control: Clone HKSP is not a functional test antibody but serves as a control to ensure that observed staining or immune reactivity in assays is due to specific antigen-antibody interactions, not due to nonspecific binding or experimental artifacts.
• Protocols Using HKSP: In immunological experiments—such as those investigating immune cell responses in mouse models—it has been employed to compare with specific functional antibodies, validating that effects seen are attributed to the intended experimental variable. For example, a study involving type I IFN-driven neutrophil swarming in lung tissue used clone HKSP as a mouse IgG1 isotype control to benchmark background signal. The published methodology lists HKSP among its control reagents, emphasizing its role in validating specificity.

Limitations in the literature:

• There are currently no direct scientific findings attributed to HKSP itself—as it is a control reagent, studies do not investigate HKSP’s functional effects but rather rely on its inertness for accurate experimental interpretation.
• Existing citations focus on its use as a standard control and do not assign biological significance to clone HKSP beyond this application.

Summary Table: Scientific Role of Clone HKSP

If you need information about functional antibodies or clones with biological or therapeutic significance, HKSP does not fit that category—it is exclusively cited as a control in experimental design.

Currently, there is no standardized dosing regimen for clone HKSP across different mouse models. The available literature and dosing guides do not provide specific dosing regimens for clone HKSP, and its usage may vary significantly depending on the experimental design, mouse strain, and immune function targeted. This variability highlights the absence of consistent protocols for dosing regimens in mouse models, which can complicate data interpretation and comparison across studies.

For different applications, mouse models vary widely, including variations in immunocompetence (e.g., NOD/SCID, NSG, MISTRG), age, and the purpose of the study (e.g., hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy, immuno-oncology research). These factors contribute to the diversity in experimental parameters and dosing strategies but do not provide standardized dosing regimens for specific clones like HKSP.