Anti-GSK3-α (Phospho-Ser21) Antibody (43007)

Peptide sequence that includes phosphorylation site of Serine 21 (T-S-S(p)-F-A) derived from human GSK3a and conjugated to KLH.

PBS (without Mg2 and Ca2 ), pH 7.4, 150mM NaCl, 0.02% sodium azide and 50% glycerol.

Liquid

Affinity-purified on phosphopeptide; non-phosphopeptidereactive antibodies were removed by chromatography on non-phosphorylated peptide

This antibody is stable for at least one (1) year at -20°C.

Next Day 2-8°C

Rabbit Polyclonal Antibody specific to GSK3-α (Phospho-Ser21)

GSK3 acts as a multifunctional downstream switch that determines the output of numerous signaling pathways. There are two mammalian GSK-3 isoforms encoded by distinct genes, GSK3 alpha and GSK3 beta, which are structurally similar, but functionally non-identical. GSK3alpha is inhibited by phosphorylation at S21 by Akt and other kinases. Dysregulated GSK3 has been implicated in several diseases including type II diabetes, Alzheimers disease, and cancer.

Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC and AXIN1 (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350). Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350). Contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis (PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350). Regulates glycogen metabolism in liver, but not in muscle (By similarity). May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors (PubMed:10868943, PubMed:17478001). In Wnt signaling, regulates the level and transcriptional activity of nuclear CTNNB1/beta-catenin (PubMed:17229088). Facilitates amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the generation of APP-derived amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer disease (PubMed:12761548). May be involved in the regulation of replication in pancreatic beta-cells (By similarity). Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth (By similarity). Through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, may control cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation (By similarity). Acts as a regulator of autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of KAT5/TIP60 under starvation conditions, leading to activate KAT5/TIP60 acetyltransferase activity and promote acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer (PubMed:30704899). Negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Promotes the formation of an anti-apoptotic complex, made of DDX3X, BRIC2 and GSK3B, at death receptors, including TNFRSF10B. The anti-apoptotic function is most effective with weak apoptotic signals and can be overcome by stronger stimulation (By similarity). {UniProtKB:P18265, UniProtKB:P49841, UniProtKB:Q2NL51, PubMed:10868943, PubMed:12761548, PubMed:17229088, PubMed:30704899, PubMed:11749387, PubMed:17478001, PubMed:19366350}.