Anti-Mouse CD183 (Clone CXCR3-173) – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

The CXCR3-173 clone is used in in vivo mouse studies primarily as a neutralizing monoclonal antibody to block the CXCR3 receptor on immune cells. Its administration inhibits CXCR3-mediated chemokine signaling, significantly impacting immune cell migration and function in disease models.

Key uses and details in in vivo mouse studies:

• CXCR3-173 blocks the binding of chemokines CXCL10 and CXCL11 (but not CXCL9) to CXCR3, thus inhibiting chemotaxis of T cells, NK cells, and other CXCR3-expressing cells.
• In transplantation models, systemic injection of CXCR3-173 prolongs cardiac and islet allograft survival by preventing effector immune cell recruitment to the graft. This effect is enhanced in combination with subtherapeutic rapamycin regimens, enabling long-term (>100 days) allograft survival.
• CXCR3-173 does not deplete effector lymphocytes (i.e., it acts by blocking the receptor rather than causing cell depletion).
• The antibody is also used to characterize and detect CXCR3 expression on various immune populations (such as CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells, regulatory T cells, NK cells, and NKT cells) by flow cytometry.
• Recommended for in vivo neutralization studies using ultra-purified (“Ultra-LEAF™”) antibody preparations to minimize endotoxin and optimize sensitivity.

In summary, CXCR3-173 is mainly employed to block CXCR3 function in murine models, allowing researchers to study immune cell trafficking, transplant rejection, and disease progression without affecting lymphocyte populations outside of CXCR3 blockade.

The correct storage temperature for sterile packaged clone CXCR3-173 is 2–8°C (typically 4°C), protected from light, and it should not be frozen.

• Fisher Scientific specifies: "4°C, store in dark, DO NOT FREEZE".
• Innovative Research and other suppliers recommend: "Store at 2~8°C and protected from prolonged exposure to light. Do not freeze".
• eLabscience further notes: 4°C for storage up to 12 months, or -20°C for long-term storage if no preservatives are present, avoiding repeated freeze/thaw cycles.
• Leinco states: "as received at 2-8°C for up to one month" for sterile preparations.

Key points:

• 2–8°C (4°C is standard)
• Keep in the dark
• Do not freeze

If the antibody is preservative-free and intended for long-term storage, -20°C is optional, but this is less common for sterile formulations and always requires avoiding freeze/thaw cycles. For regular use, stick to 2–8°C.

The most commonly used antibodies and proteins alongside CXCR3-173 in the literature are those targeting major immune cell markers—particularly for CD4? T cells, CD8? T cells, regulatory T cells (CD4?CD25?Foxp3?) as well as other chemokine receptors, and immunosuppressive agents like rapamycin.

Key commonly used markers or proteins include:

• Anti-CD4 (to identify and analyze CD4? T cells)
• Anti-CD8 (for CD8? T cells)
• Anti-CD25 and Anti-Foxp3 (for detection of regulatory T cells, usually in combination with CD4 markers)
• Anti-NK1.1 or other NK cell markers (used to study natural killer and NKT cell populations)
• Anti-CD3 (for pan-T cell identification, often used in immunophenotyping studies involving CXCR3)
• Rapamycin (an immunosuppressive drug often used in combination to study synergistic effects with CXCR3-173 in transplantation models)

Additionally, in studies of chemotaxis and immune cell recruitment, researchers use recombinant chemokines—CXCL9 (MIG), CXCL10 (IP-10), and CXCL11 (ITAC)—which are natural ligands for CXCR3.

These antibodies and proteins are typically used in:

• Flow cytometry panels to co-stain for CXCR3 and lineage/activation/regulation markers
• Functional assays involving blockade or stimulation with chemokines or rapamycin
• Adoptive transfer and depletion experiments to study specific immune cell populations in CXCR3-dependent mechanisms

In summary, the use of CXCR3-173 is most often paired with antibodies against T cell and NK cell markers, regulatory T cell markers, and sometimes modulatory agents like rapamycin to analyze immune cell subsets and their roles in disease, particularly in transplantation and immune modulation models.

Key findings from clone CXCR3-173 citations in scientific literature highlight its utility as a monoclonal antibody targeting mouse CXCR3, with several significant results:

• Specificity and Characterization: CXCR3-173 is a hamster monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to mouse CXCR3, recognizing the receptor on wild-type but not CXCR3-deficient mice. It detects the native, cell-surface-expressed form and is ineffective for Western blotting.

• Cellular Expression: Using CXCR3-173, researchers demonstrated CXCR3 expression on multiple immune cell types:

  • Memory phenotype CD4^+^ and CD8^+^ T cells
  • Naturally occurring CD4^+^CD25^+^Foxp3^+^ regulatory T cells (Tregs)
  • Natural killer T (NKT) cells
  • About 25% of NK (natural killer) cells

• Functional Activity:

  • In vitro, CXCR3-173 blocks the chemotactic response to the ligands CXCL10 and CXCL11, but not CXCL9.
  • In vivo, administration of CXCR3-173 substantially prolonged survival of both cardiac and islet allografts in mice, indicating a significant effect on immune-mediated graft rejection.
  • Synergy with Rapamycin: Combined treatment with low-dose rapamycin and CXCR3-173 resulted in sustained (>100 days) long-term allograft survival.

• Mechanistic Insight:

  • CXCR3-173 does not deplete critical effector CD4^+^ T cell populations; its graft-protective effect arises from blockade of chemotactic recruitment rather than cellular depletion, distinguishing it from depleting IgM anti-CXCR3 antibodies.
  • The antibody's action is indicative of its ability to probe CXCR3-dependent trafficking mechanisms in immune responses, especially relevant for transplant rejection studies.

• Broader Applications: Scientific literature references suggest growing use of CXCR3-173 for investigating T cell trafficking in tumor microenvironments and potentially in autoimmune models, supported by imaging studies and combinatorial antagonist approaches.

In summary, scientific literature consistently recognizes CXCR3-173 as a valuable, non-depleting, function-blocking antibody used to dissect CXCR3's role in immune cell recruitment—especially in transplantation, tumor immunology, and inflammatory disease models.