Anti-Mouse CD40 [Clone FGK4.5] — Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Anti-Mouse CD40 [Clone FGK4.5] — Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Product No.: F1195

[product_table name="All Top" skus="F1195"]

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Clone
FGK4.5
Target
CD40
Formats AvailableView All
Product Type
Monoclonal Antibody
Alternate Names
Bp50, TNFRSF5
Isotype
Rat IgG2a
Applications
Act
,
Agonist
,
FA
,
FC
,
in vivo
,
WB

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Antibody Details

Product Details

Reactive Species
Mouse
Host Species
Rat
Recommended Isotype Controls
Recommended Dilution Buffer
Immunogen
Recombinant Mouse CD40 Fusion Protein
Product Concentration
≥ 5.0 mg/ml
Endotoxin Level
<0.5 EU/mg as determined by the LAL method
Purity
≥98% monomer by analytical SEC
>95% by SDS Page
Formulation
This monoclonal antibody is aseptically packaged and formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (150 mM NaCl) PBS pH 7.2 - 7.4 with no carrier protein, potassium, calcium or preservatives added. Due to inherent biochemical properties of antibodies, certain products may be prone to precipitation over time. Precipitation may be removed by aseptic centrifugation and/or filtration.
Product Preparation
Functional grade preclinical antibodies are manufactured in an animal free facility using in vitro cell culture techniques and are purified by a multi-step process including the use of protein A or G to assure extremely low levels of endotoxins, leachable protein A or aggregates.
Pathogen Testing
To protect mouse colonies from infection by pathogens and to assure that experimental preclinical data is not affected by such pathogens, all of Leinco’s Purified Functional PLATINUM™ antibodies are tested and guaranteed to be negative for all pathogens in the IDEXX IMPACT I Mouse Profile.
Storage and Handling
Functional grade preclinical antibodies may be stored sterile as received at 2-8°C for up to one month. For longer term storage, aseptically aliquot in working volumes without diluting and store at ≤ -70°C. Avoid Repeated Freeze Thaw Cycles.
Country of Origin
USA
Shipping
Next Day 2-8°C
Each investigator should determine their own optimal working dilution for specific applications. See directions on lot specific datasheets, as information may periodically change.

Description

Description

Specificity
Clone FGK4.5 recognizes an epitope on mouse CD40.
Background
CD40, also known as TNFSF5, is a type I transmembrane protein and member of the TNF receptor family. The binding of CD40L (CD154) on TH cells to CD40 activates antigen presenting cells and induces a variety of downstream effects (1). CD40 is expressed on B cells, dendritic cells, monocytes, thymic epithelial cells and, at low levels, on T cells (2). Signaling though CD40 plays an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of B cells and is critical for immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching (3). The membrane-anchored CD40L is expressed almost exclusively on activated CD4+ T lymphocytes. Failure to express CD40L leads to "immunodeficiency with hyper-IgM", a disease characterized by failure to produce IgG, IgA and IgE. Some of the early intracellular signaling by the CD4-CD40L system includes the association of the CD40 with TRAFs and the activation of various kinases (4). Adaptor protein TNFR2 interacts with this receptor and serves as a mediator of the signal transduction. The interaction of CD4-CD40L is found to be necessary for amyloid-beta-induced microglial activation, and thus is thought to be an early event in Alzheimer disease pathogenesis.
Antigen Distribution
CD40 is widely expressed on antigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells, B cells, macrophages, and monocytes, in addition to non-immune endothelial cells, basal epithelial cells, and a variety of tumors.
Ligand/Receptor
CD154 (CD40L)
NCBI Gene Bank ID
Research Area
Cell Biology
.
Costimulatory Molecules
.
Immunology
.
Neuroscience
.
Neuroscience Cell Markers

Leinco Antibody Advisor

Powered by AI: AI is experimental and still learning how to provide the best assistance. It may occasionally generate incorrect or incomplete responses. Please do not rely solely on its recommendations when making purchasing decisions or designing experiments.

Clone FGK4.5 is an agonistic anti-mouse CD40 monoclonal antibody widely used in in vivo mouse studies to activate CD40-expressing antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. This activation simulates CD40-CD154 (CD40L) interactions, leading to downstream immune stimulation and modulation in experimental models.

Key uses and experimental details in in vivo mouse studies:

  • Immune Cell Activation: FGK4.5 (sometimes labeled FGK45, as nomenclature varies across sources but refers to the same clone) is typically administered intraperitoneally (i.p.), with a commonly effective dose cited as 100??g per mouse.
  • Mechanism: The antibody acts as an agonist for the CD40 receptor and its bioactivity critically depends on engagement of Fc?RIIB receptors on immune cells in vivo. This means its stimulatory activity is partly mediated via the Fc domain interacting with Fc? receptors, which modulates signal strength and cellular outcomes.
  • Readouts: After administration, mice are typically evaluated for upregulation of activation markers (e.g., MHC class I/II, CD80, CD86) on B cells and macrophages using flow cytometry, usually 24–48 hours post-injection.
  • Experimental Applications: The clone is used to:
    • Activate the immune system to study pathways of inflammation, tolerance, or autoimmune disease.
    • Test immunotherapeutic strategies in cancer or infection models by stimulating dendritic cell and T cell activation.
    • Investigate CD40 signaling in B cell development, isotype switching, and germinal center formation.

Summary of recommendations and considerations:

  • FGK4.5 is most potent in wild-type mice, since some activation effects (especially full marker upregulation) are reduced in Fc?RIIB-deficient strains.
  • Used primarily at 100??g i.p. per mouse, but titration may be necessary for specific models or endpoints.
  • Control antibodies (isotype controls) are used to distinguish specific effects of anti-CD40 engagement.

Alternative uses:

  • Besides in vivo activation, clone FGK4.5 can be used for flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry to detect CD40 on tissues or cells.

In summary, FGK4.5 is injected into mice to activate CD40, thereby stimulating APCs and modulating immune responses to study immune function or intervention strategies.

The correct storage temperature for sterile packaged clone FGK4.5 anti-mouse CD40 antibody is 2 to 8°C as supplied; it should not be frozen and must be protected from repeated freeze-thaw cycles. If longer-term storage is required, some suppliers recommend aliquoting the antibody and storing at ? -70°C, but for typical use after delivery, 2 to 8°C is appropriate.

  • Short term (as supplied): 2–8°C (refrigerator).
  • Do not freeze for standard formulations; freezing may damage the antibody.
  • For long-term storage (if required): Aliquot and store at ? -70°C.
  • Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to maintain antibody integrity.

If the antibody is received cold but not frozen, immediately transfer it to 2–8°C storage for optimal stability.

Commonly used antibodies or proteins in combination with FGK4.5 (an agonistic anti-mouse CD40 monoclonal antibody) in the literature include immune activation and co-stimulatory markers such as MHC class II, MHC class I (H-2D^b^), CD80, and CD86.

Essential context and supporting details:

  • FGK4.5 is primarily used to activate mouse antigen-presenting cells, including B cells and macrophages, via CD40 ligation.
  • Studies evaluating FGK4.5 effects typically monitor upregulation of activation markers. Most notably:
    • MHC class II and MHC class I (H-2D^b^) for antigen presentation.
    • CD80 and CD86 as co-stimulatory molecules that are critical in T-cell priming and activation.
  • In experimental settings, isotype control antibodies are commonly used alongside FGK4.5 to establish specificity of immune effects.
  • FGK4.5 is frequently used in combination immunotherapy experiments, sometimes with other immune checkpoint or co-stimulatory reagents, such as agonists to CD28, anti-CTLA-4, anti-PD-1/PD-L1, or with CD40L (CD154) for further modulation of T-cell and B-cell responses (though direct combinations with these were not explicitly stated in the retrieved search—this inference is based on common immunological practice).

Summary Table: Commonly Used Antibodies/Proteins with FGK4.5

Antibody/ProteinFunction/Use
MHC class IIMonitors APC activation and increased antigen presentation
MHC class IMonitors APC activation (especially for CD8+ T-cell priming)
CD86Measures B cell and macrophage costimulatory activation
CD80Assesses costimulatory signaling and APC status
Isotype controlsNegative controls for specificity

Additional relevant information:

  • Other anti-mouse CD40 monoclonal antibodies (such as 1C10 and 3/23) are sometimes reported in the same experimental settings for methodological comparisons.
  • The activity of FGK4.5 itself is shown to involve Fc gamma receptor engagement (especially Fc?RIIB), so antibodies targeting Fc?R may also be relevant in mechanistic immunology studies.

There is limited evidence in the provided results for use with particular therapeutic antibodies (e.g., anti-PD-1), but such combinations are common in the field, as inferred from general immunology practice (this is acknowledged as an informed extrapolation rather than explicit citation from the listed search results).

Clone FGK4.5 (also referred to as FGK45) is a widely used monoclonal antibody that specifically targets mouse CD40 and is extensively cited in immunology research. Key findings from scientific citations of clone FGK4.5 include:

  • Potent Agonist of CD40: FGK4.5 is functionally active for both in vitro and in vivo activation of CD40-expressing antigen-presenting cells, including dendritic cells, B cells, and macrophages. Activation of CD40 by this antibody promotes T-cell dependent immunoglobulin class switching, germinal center formation, and memory B cell development.
  • Activation and Polarization of Macrophages: Recent literature demonstrates that FGK4.5 stimulation of macrophages induces a profound metabolic reprogramming. It increases lipid uptake, mitochondrial activity, and rewires fatty acid/glutamine metabolism to promote pro-inflammatory gene expression and cytokine production in a manner dependent on metabolic enzymes like ACLY and LDHA.
  • Epigenetic Regulation: FGK4.5 engagement of CD40 leads to increased histone acetylation (notably H3K27ac) through acetyl-CoA generated from fatty acid oxidation, which is essential for the induction of pro-inflammatory genes.
  • Tumor Immunotherapy Applications: In preclinical models, FGK4.5-mediated CD40 activation improves responses to immune checkpoint blockade (such as anti-PD-1 therapy), and its anti-tumor efficacy is linked to the metabolic state and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages.
  • B Cell Activation: FGK4.5 directly stimulates mouse B cell proliferation and can block the binding of certain other anti-CD40 antibodies (such as HM40-3).
  • Versatile Experimental Use: The antibody is used for cell surface staining (flow cytometry), in vitro activation, in vivo immune modulation, and functional neutering/blocking experiments in mice.

Summary Table: Key Research Applications of Clone FGK4.5

Research ApplicationMechanistic FindingSupporting Citations
Macrophage activationInduces metabolic shift, drives polarization
Epigenetic modulationPromotes histone acetylation via FAO-derived acetyl-CoA
Tumor immunotherapySynergizes with anti-PD-1, depends on macrophage metabolism
B cell activationStimulates proliferation, blocks alternate CD40 Ab binding
Immune cell modulationIn vitro/in vivo CD40 activation for research

Notable Citations: Landmark studies using FGK4.5 include research into immune activation (Andersson J et al., Immunity 1996; Melief CJ et al., Nature 1998), immunotherapy (Tominaga T et al., Neuro Oncol 2015), and mechanistic studies of metabolic-epigenetic crosstalk in macrophages (Nature, 2023).

FGK4.5 remains a foundational tool for delineating CD40-mediated immune mechanisms in mouse models, particularly in the fields of immunometabolism, infectious disease, and cancer immunology.

References & Citations

Act
Agonist
FA
Flow Cytometry
in vivo Protocol
General Western Blot Protocol

Certificate of Analysis

Formats Available

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Disclaimer AlertProducts are for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.