Anti-Mouse CD73 – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Clone TY/23 is a rat IgG2a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets mouse CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase), and it has several important in vivo applications in murine research models.

Primary In Vivo Application

The most common in vivo application of clone TY/23 is CD73 blockade in mouse models. CD73 plays a critical role in converting extracellular AMP to adenosine, which shifts the immune environment from an ATP-driven proinflammatory state to an anti-inflammatory milieu induced by adenosine. By blocking CD73 enzymatic activity, the TY/23 antibody can modulate this immunosuppressive pathway.

Cancer and Immunotherapy Research

Clone TY/23 is particularly valuable in cancer immunology studies where CD73-mediated immunosuppression is a therapeutic target. Since CD73 is important for the immunosuppressive activity of regulatory T cells, blocking this pathway with TY/23 can potentially enhance anti-tumor immune responses. The antibody enables researchers to investigate how inhibiting adenosine production affects tumor growth, immune cell infiltration, and the efficacy of other immunotherapies in mouse models.

Immune Regulation Studies

The TY/23 antibody is used to study purinergic signaling and immune regulation in various disease contexts. In mice, CD73 expression is restricted to CD11b+ myeloid cells in the bone marrow and T cells in the spleen, making TY/23 useful for investigating how CD73 modulates immune responses, inflammation, and tissue repair processes in these cellular compartments.

The antibody has been validated for in vivo use with proper formulation (low endotoxin preparations available), ensuring it can be safely administered to mice for functional blockade experiments without confounding inflammatory effects from endotoxin contamination.

When discussing antibodies or proteins used in conjunction with or related to IL-23 (referred to as "TY/23" in the query, potentially a typographical error), several proteins and antibodies are commonly mentioned in the literature. Here are a few examples:

Antibodies and Proteins Related to IL-23

1. Alphabodies: These are protein scaffolds designed to target IL-23, a cytokine involved in autoimmune diseases like psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. Alphabodies specifically bind to the p19 subunit of IL-23, neutralizing its activity.

2. Bispecific Antibodies Targeting IL-17A and IL-23: These are engineered antibodies that simultaneously target IL-17A and IL-23, both of which are cytokines involved in inflammatory pathways. Phage display is a common method for engineering such antibodies.

3. Single-Domain Antibodies (VHHs): While not specifically targeting IL-23, VHHs are being explored for their stability and potential in oral delivery, including targeting related pathways like IL-23R.

4. Tandem Single-Chain Variable Fragments (scFv2): These are components of bispecific antibodies and can be engineered to target multiple antigens, potentially including cytokines in the IL-23 pathway.

Other Relevant Proteins

1. IL-12: This cytokine is closely related to IL-23 and is sometimes targeted alongside IL-23 in therapeutic strategies. However, Alphabodies are designed to distinguish between IL-23 and IL-12, ensuring specificity for IL-23.

2. IL-17A: Often targeted alongside IL-23 due to its role in inflammatory diseases, IL-17A is a key cytokine involved in the pathogenesis of conditions like psoriasis.

These proteins and antibodies are used in various therapeutic and diagnostic applications, often focusing on modulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases.

Clone TY/23 is a rat IgG2a monoclonal antibody used extensively in scientific literature for its ability to target CD73, a surface protein involved in various biological processes. The key findings from citations involving clone TY/23 include:

1. CD73 Targeting: TY/23 is known for binding to CD73, which is a 69 kDa GPI-anchored surface protein involved in the breakdown of AMP to adenosine, playing a role in immune regulation and tumor microenvironments.

2. Tumor Metastasis Inhibition: Studies have shown that TY/23 can significantly inhibit metastasis in cancer models, highlighting its potential in cancer therapy by targeting CD73-expressing cells.

3. Epitope Mapping: TY/23 has been used as a reference for epitope mapping of other anti-CD73 clones. It is part of an epitope bin that overlaps with clones CD73–04 and 2C5, suggesting functional similarities.

4. Flow Cytometry Applications: TY/23 is also used in flow cytometry for detecting CD73 expression on cells, providing a tool for studying CD73's role in different cell types.

Overall, TY/23 is a valuable tool in cancer research and immunological studies, particularly for its ability to target CD73 and contribute to understanding its role in various biological processes.

Unfortunately, the search results do not provide specific information on the dosing regimens of clone TY/23 across different mouse models. Clone TY/23 is not mentioned in the provided search results, and there is no detailed information available on its dosing in mouse models. For accurate dosing information, consulting specific scientific literature or contacting researchers who have worked with clone TY/23 would be advisable.

However, general guidelines for dosing antibodies in mouse models, such as those for PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4 checkpoint blockade antibodies, are available:

• PD-1 (e.g., RMP1-14 or 29F.1A12): Typically dosed at 100-500 μg per mouse, with an intraperitoneal injection schedule of every 3-4 days.
• PD-L1 (e.g., 10F.9G2): Dosed at 100-250 μg per mouse, with a schedule of 2-3 times per week.
• CTLA-4 (e.g., 9H10 or 9D9): Doses range from 100-250 μg per mouse, injected every 3 days.

These examples illustrate how dosing regimens can vary based on the target and application in mouse models.