Anti-Mouse Thy1.1 (CD90.1) [Clone 19E12] — Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Anti-Mouse Thy1.1 (CD90.1) [Clone 19E12] — Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Product No.: C3101

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Clone
19E12
Target
Thy1.1
Formats AvailableView All
Product Type
Hybridoma Monoclonal Antibody
Alternate Names
Thy1.1, CD90.1
Isotype
Mouse IgG2a k
Applications
FC

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Antibody Details

Product Details

Reactive Species
Mouse
Host Species
Mouse
Recommended Isotype Controls
Recommended Dilution Buffer
Immunogen
Mouse Thy1.1 transfected cells.
Product Concentration
≥ 5.0 mg/ml
Endotoxin Level
< 1.0 EU/mg as determined by the LAL method
Purity
≥95% monomer by analytical SEC
>95% by SDS Page
Formulation
This monoclonal antibody is aseptically packaged and formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (150 mM NaCl) PBS pH 7.2 - 7.4 with no carrier protein, potassium, calcium or preservatives added. Due to inherent biochemical properties of antibodies, certain products may be prone to precipitation over time. Precipitation may be removed by aseptic centrifugation and/or filtration.
State of Matter
Liquid
Product Preparation
Functional grade preclinical antibodies are manufactured in an animal free facility using only in vitro protein free cell culture techniques and are purified by a multi-step process including the use of protein A or G to assure extremely low levels of endotoxins, leachable protein A or aggregates.
Storage and Handling
Functional grade preclinical antibodies may be stored sterile as received at 2-8°C for up to one month. For longer term storage, aseptically aliquot in working volumes without diluting and store at ≤ -70°C. Avoid Repeated Freeze Thaw Cycles.
Regulatory Status
Research Use Only
Country of Origin
USA
Shipping
2 – 8° C Wet Ice
Additional Applications Reported In Literature ?
FC
Each investigator should determine their own optimal working dilution for specific applications. See directions on lot specific datasheets, as information may periodically change.

Description

Description

Specificity
19E12 activity is directed against mouse Thy1.1 (CD90.1).
Background
Thy1 is a highly conserved, GPI-linked member of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is important in the immune and nervous systems1 and involved in T cell activation and cell-cell interactions2. The effects of Thy1 are context dependent1. Thy1 is heavily N-glycosylated with a carbohydrate content of up to 40% of its molecular mass, and its moiety composition varies between tissues as well as between cells of the same lineage in different stages of differentiation. Additionally, Thy1 is found in both membrane-bound and soluble forms, and, in mouse, Thy1 is encoded by two alleles, Thy1.1 and Thy1.2, which are distinguished by a single amino acid at position 891. Thy1 deficiency does not compromise immunity2, but its presence or absence modulates the phenotypes of certain cancers, fibrotic diseases, and neuronal injury1. Thy1.1 is an alloantigen of the AKR/J and PL mouse strains2.

19E12 was generated by immunizing 129 strain mice with allogeneic AKR SL3 leukemia cells and fusing the resulting lymphocytes with BALB/c MOPC21 NSI/1 myeloma cells3. 19E12 showed specificity for Thy1.1 antigen in cytotoxic assays. Additionally, 19E12 was found to have antitumor activity in (B6 x AKR)F1 hybrid mice, AKR parental mice3 and AKR/J mice4 inoculated with AKR SL2 cells. Antitumor activity was enhanced when administered in combination with rat monoclonal antibody R17 2085.

19E12 antibody has been used to create a bispecific hybrid antibody that can focus T cell activity against Thy1.1-expressing tumor cells for lysis in vitro6. A biotinylated form has also been used as a tumor pretargeting agent to increase the local concentration and persistence of human tumor necrosis factor alpha on a mouse tumor7. 19E12 can also be used to deplete Thy1.1-expressing cells in mice8,9,10,11,12, both in naturally occurring Thy1.1+ T cells and in cells trangenically expressing Thy1.1 due to experimental design. Thy1 is widely used as a marker for thymus T cells13, thymus-derived lymphocytes, and lipid rafts in murine T cells2.
Antigen Distribution
Thy1.1 is present on the cell surface of mouse thymocytes, T-lymphocytes, peripheral T cells, neurons, bone marrow stem cells, retinal ganglion cells, myoblasts, subsets of fibroblasts, vascular pericytes, epidermal cells, activated endothelial cells, keratinocytes, mesangial cells, and hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells.
Ligand/Receptor
Interacts with CD45
NCBI Gene Bank ID
UniProt.org
Research Area
Cell Biology

Leinco Antibody Advisor

Powered by AI: AI is experimental and still learning how to provide the best assistance. It may occasionally generate incorrect or incomplete responses. Please do not rely solely on its recommendations when making purchasing decisions or designing experiments.

Clone 19E12 is most commonly used in vivo in mice to deplete cells expressing the Thy1.1 (CD90.1) surface antigen, particularly for targeting and eliminating specific T cell populations in experimental models.

These are the primary in vivo applications:

  • Selective depletion of Thy1.1+ cells: Researchers administer clone 19E12 intraperitoneally or intravenously to mice to eliminate Thy1.1-positive cells, such as certain T lymphocyte subsets, for immune cell population studies or to study the effects of specific T cell populations on disease outcomes.
  • Experimental transplantation and immune response studies: 19E12 is used to remove Thy1.1+ donor or recipient T cells in models of cell transfer, transplantation, or graft-versus-host studies, enabling selective tracking or ablation of transferred cell populations distinguished by the Thy1.1 marker.
  • Tumor immunology and antitumor activity: In cancer models, 19E12 has been used both to deplete Thy1.1+ T cells and, in some studies, as a component of bispecific or pretargeted therapies to enhance antitumor activity by focusing immune responses or delivering effector molecules to Thy1.1+ tumor cells.
  • Functional and fate-mapping studies: By permitting the conditional removal or labeling of Thy1.1-expressing cells (either naturally expressing or engineered via transgenic approaches), clone 19E12 supports functional dissection of immune and stem cell populations in development, inflammation, and disease.

In summary, the most common in vivo application of clone 19E12 in mice is antibody-mediated depletion of Thy1.1+ cell populations, particularly for manipulating or studying T cells in immunological, transplantation, and tumor models.

Commonly used antibodies or proteins paired with 19E12 (anti-mouse Thy1.1/CD90.1) in the literature include those targeting CD45 (pan-leukocyte marker), CD3 (T cell marker), and CD4/CD8 (helper/cytotoxic T cell markers). These are used in multiparametric flow cytometry and depletion studies to identify and characterize lymphocyte subsets and other immune cell populations in mouse models.

Additional context and usage details include:

  • 19E12 is most often used in flow cytometry and functional depletion experiments to distinguish Thy1.1-positive cells (usually AKR/J or PL mouse strains) from Thy1.2 populations.
  • It is frequently combined with other lineage-specific antibodies such as anti-CD45 (to identify all leukocytes), anti-CD3 (for T cells), and anti-CD4/anti-CD8 (for T cell subset analysis and functional studies).
  • In studies of adoptive cell transfer or lineage tracing, 19E12 can be used in conjunction with antibodies against congenic markers like CD45.1/CD45.2, or Thy1.2 to track transferred cell populations against the host background.
  • For broader immunophenotyping panels, antibodies against markers such as B220 (B cells), Gr-1 (granulocytes), NK1.1 (NK cells), and others may be included, depending on the experimental context.

Summary table of common pairings:

Marker/AntibodyTypical Purpose
CD45Pan-leukocyte identification
CD3T cell identification
CD4, CD8T cell subset (helper/cytotoxic)
B220 (CD45R)B cell identification
CD45.1/CD45.2Congenic marker distinction in transfer
Thy1.2Congenic marker for Thy1.1 discrimination

Secondary antibodies (e.g., anti-rat IgG, anti-mouse IgG) conjugated to various fluorochromes are also routinely used for multicolor detection in flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry setups.

In summary, CD45, CD3, CD4, and CD8 antibodies are most commonly used together with 19E12 for immunophenotyping and functional studies of mouse immune cells. Additional markers may be added depending on the specific design and objectives of the experiment.

Key findings from scientific literature citing clone 19E12 center on its specificity for mouse Thy1.1 (CD90.1), its utility in precise immunological targeting, and its roles in cell depletion and cancer research.

  • Specificity and Function: Clone 19E12 is a monoclonal antibody that binds specifically to the mouse Thy1.1 alloantigen (also known as CD90.1), distinguishing it sharply from Thy1.2. This specificity is pivotal in studies requiring selective targeting and depletion of Thy1.1-expressing cells, either natively (as in certain mouse strains) or in engineered/experimental cell populations.
  • Generation and Background: 19E12 was developed by immunizing mice with allogeneic AKR SL3 leukemia cells, followed by standard hybridoma technology, and it demonstrated strong cytotoxic activity against Thy1.1+ targets in vitro and in vivo.
  • Applications in Research:
    • Cancer and Cell Depletion Studies: 19E12 exhibits antitumor activity in mouse models bearing Thy1.1+ tumors, especially when combined with other monoclonal antibodies. It has also been used experimentally to deplete Thy1.1+ T cells and other cell populations, aiding in immune cell subset characterization and in the study of graft-versus-host reactions or adoptive cell transfer experiments.
    • Bispecific Antibody Engineering: 19E12 has served as a component in engineered bispecific antibodies capable of directing T cells to lyse Thy1.1-expressing tumor cells, an approach relevant to immunotherapy research.
    • Tumor Pretargeting: Biotinylated 19E12 has been used to pretarget tumor sites, facilitating the concentration of therapeutic agents like tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) at the tumor site in experimental mouse models.
  • Other Notable Findings:
    • Glycosylation and Isoform Biology: Thy1 is highly N-glycosylated, with variable glycan composition between tissues and during differentiation stages, adding complexity to cell surface marker studies using clone 19E12.
    • Immunological Context: While Thy1 deficiency does not critically impair immunity, its modulation can influence cancer progression, fibrotic disease phenotypes, and neuronal injury responses in mice.

No substantial findings link "clone 19E12" to resistance genes or systemic reviews outside of immunology and tumor biology, suggesting its principal relevance is as an experimental reagent in mouse model research and antibody engineering.

Dosing regimens for clone 19E12 (anti-mouse Thy1.1/CD90.1) are tailored to experimental objectives and can vary across mouse models according to strain, target cell population, and intended outcome such as T cell depletion, tumor targeting, or immunomodulation.

In published usage, clone 19E12 was originally generated for specificity to the Thy1.1 antigen in mouse strains like 129 and AKR—models where Thy1.1 is naturally expressed. In these models, 19E12 has been deployed to:

  • Deplete Thy1.1+ T cells (naturally or transgenically expressed).
  • Serve as an antitumor agent or as part of tumor pretargeting strategies.
  • Enhance antitumor activity, sometimes in combination with other monoclonal antibodies such as rat mAb R17.

Key factors affecting dose and schedule:

  • The background strain of mouse determines whether Thy1.1 is a native or introduced antigen, affecting both dosing and immunogenicity response.
  • For T cell depletion or tumor cell targeting, the antibody is typically administered intraperitoneally at single or repeated doses, with regimens often ranging from 100–250 μg per mouse per dose (analogous to dosing for other monoclonal antibodies targeting T cell antigens), given every 3–4 days over 1–3 weeks.
  • The number of doses and frequency may be increased if total cell depletion or sustained effect is desired, keeping in mind immune activation and tolerability, especially in immune-competent vs transgenic/tolerant strains.

Examples from literature:

  • Antitumor activity studies in (B6 × AKR)F1, parental AKR, and AKR/J mice have used 19E12 with dosing adjusted based on tumor burden and experimental endpoint.
  • Depletion protocols in both wild-type and transgenic mouse models may involve single high doses or repetitive dosing over days to weeks, depending on the degree and persistence of depletion needed.
  • Bispecific and biotinylated forms of 19E12 used for pretargeting or delivery of effector molecules may require additional regimen optimization for pharmacokinetic compatibility.

General principles echoed for in vivo antibody dosing in murine models:

  • Aggregate dose and dosing frequency influence immunogenicity (risk of anti-antibody responses), and should be optimized depending on study goals and mouse model background.
  • Dosing regimens in mouse models typically do not directly translate to human therapeutic protocols due to differences in immune tolerance, genetic variability, and antibody clearance rates.

In sum, clone 19E12 dosing is adjusted for the mouse strain’s Thy1.1 expression, the immunological goal (depletion vs targeting), and the specific experimental design; regimens may range from single to multiple intraperitoneal injections, often at 100–250 μg per dose, generally given every few days, but are best optimized based on population, immune status, and intended outcome.

References & Citations

1 Bradley JE, Ramirez G, Hagood JS. Biofactors. 35(3):258-265. 2009.
2 Haeryfar SM, Hoskin DW. J Immunol. 173(6):3581-3588. 2004.
3 Bernstein ID, Tam MR, Nowinski RC. Science. 207(4426):68-71. 1980.
4 Badger CC, Bernstein ID. J Exp Med. 157(3):828-842. 1983.
5 Sauvage CA, Mendelsohn JC, Lesley JF, et al. Cancer Res. 47(3):747-753. 1987.
6 Staerz UD, Bevan MJ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 83(5):1453-1457. 1986.
7 Moro M, Pelagi M, Fulci G, et al. Cancer Res. 57(10):1922-1928. 1997.
8 Scott-Browne JP, Shafiani S, Tucker-Heard G, et al. J Exp Med. 204(9):2159-2169. 2007.
9 Badell IR, Kitchens WH, Wagener ME, et al. Am J Transplant. 15(12):3081-3094. 2015.
10 Kim J, Jeong Ryu S, Oh K, et al. Nat Commun. 6:7994. 2015.
11 Liu B, Lee JB, Chen CY, et al. J Immunol. 194(8):3583-3593. 2015.
12 Campisi L, Barbet G, Ding Y, et al. Nat Immunol. 17(9):1084-1092. 2016.
13 Mestas J, Hughes CC. J Immunol. 172(5):2731-2378. 2004.
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Disclaimer AlertProducts are for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.