Anti-Murine Norovirus Capsid [Clone A6.2] — Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Anti-Murine Norovirus Capsid [Clone A6.2] — Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Product No.: N272

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Clone
A6.2
Target
mNorovirus Capsid
Formats AvailableView All
Product Type
Hybridoma Monoclonal Antibody
Alternate Names
Capsid protein VP1
Isotype
Mouse IgG2a
Applications
ELISA
,
FA
,
N

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Select Product Size
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Antibody Details

Product Details

Reactive Species
Mouse Norovirus (MNV)
Host Species
Mouse
Recommended Dilution Buffer
Immunogen
Brain homogenate containing MNV-1
Product Concentration
≥ 5.0 mg/ml
Endotoxin Level
<0.5 EU/mg as determined by the LAL method
Purity
≥98% monomer by analytical SEC
>95% by SDS Page
Formulation
This monoclonal antibody is aseptically packaged and formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (150 mM NaCl) PBS pH 7.2 - 7.4 with no carrier protein, potassium, calcium or preservatives added. Due to inherent biochemical properties of antibodies, certain products may be prone to precipitation over time. Precipitation may be removed by aseptic centrifugation and/or filtration.
State of Matter
Liquid
Product Preparation
Functional grade preclinical antibodies are manufactured in an animal free facility using in vitro cell culture techniques and are purified by a multi-step process including the use of protein A or G to assure extremely low levels of endotoxins, leachable protein A or aggregates.
Pathogen Testing
To protect mouse colonies from infection by pathogens and to assure that experimental preclinical data is not affected by such pathogens, all of Leinco’s Purified Functional PLATINUM<sup>TM</sup> antibodies are tested and guaranteed to be negative for all pathogens in the IDEXX IMPACT I Mouse Profile.
Storage and Handling
Functional grade preclinical antibodies may be stored sterile as received at 2-8°C for up to one month. For longer term storage, aseptically aliquot in working volumes without diluting and store at ≤ -70°C. Avoid Repeated Freeze Thaw Cycles.
Regulatory Status
Research Use Only
Country of Origin
USA
Shipping
2 – 8° C Wet Ice
Additional Applications Reported In Literature ?
ELISA,
FA,
N
Each investigator should determine their own optimal working dilution for specific applications. See directions on lot specific datasheets, as information may periodically change.

Description

Description

Specificity
A6.2 activity is directed against the P domain of the mouse norovirus capsid. The A6.2 epitope maps to the AʹBʹ and EʹFʹ loops of the P2 subdomain. A6.2 binds to the human- mouse norovirus consensus peptide sequence GWWEDHGQL, which aligns with residues 327 to 335 of P2.
Background
Norovirus, a Caliciviridae virus made up of a single major capsid protein (VP1), causes acute gastroenteritis during infection1. The capsid protein is composed of three structural domains: N (N terminus), S (shell), and P (protruding), with the latter further divided into P1 and P2 subdomains. P1 has moderate sequence diversity, while P2 is highly variable. Murine norovirus (MNV-1) is the first norovirus used to study the immune response in animal models and can infect the intestinal tract of mice following oral inoculation2. MNV-1 can infect macrophage-like cells in vivo and can be cultured in primary dendritic cells and macrophages.

A6.2 was generated from an MNV-1-seropositive 129 mouse injected with brain homogenate containing MNV-12. The spleen was harvested, hybridoma fusion performed, and supernatants screened by ELISA for binding to recombinant MNV-1 capsid.

A6.2 is a neutralizing antibody used for structural analysis of MNV in cryo-EM1,3,4,5,6 and NMR7 studies. Neutralization by A6.2 has also been demonstrated in plaque based assays2. A6.2 Fab can also neutralize MNV, albeit with 100 times lower efficacy than the intact antibody, showing that neutralization does not require bivalent binding. Additionally, neutralization of MNV with A6.2 Fab does not induce major conformational changes in the virion. Binding of glycochenodeoxycholic acid to MNV abrogates the neutralization capacity of A6.26,7. A6.2 is thought to neutralize MNV-1 infection by preventing virion attachment to the cell surface3.

Phage-display oligopeptide library screens have been used to map the binding epitope to the P2 subdomain8. A6.2 does not react with capsid protein in Western blot analysis, and therefore likely binds to a 3D epitope1.

Antigen Distribution
Mouse norovirus can be cultured in cells of the innate immune system, including primary dendritic cells and macrophages.
Ligand/Receptor
Host receptor CD300LF, bile acids
NCBI Gene Bank ID
UniProt.org
Research Area
Infectious Disease
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Innate Immunity
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Norovirus
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Virology

Leinco Antibody Advisor

Powered by AI: AI is experimental and still learning how to provide the best assistance. It may occasionally generate incorrect or incomplete responses. Please do not rely solely on its recommendations when making purchasing decisions or designing experiments.

Based on the search results, there are references to clone A6, A6/2/2, and A6.1 in the context of monoclonal antibodies (e.g., anti-AP2, anti-TSP/thrombospondin), but none directly describe an in vivo mouse study specifically using "clone A6.2" as an experimental tool, therapeutic agent, or genetic reagent.

Details from Search Results

  • A6/2/2: This is a clone name for a monoclonal anti-AP2 antibody, used for detecting AP-2 (TFAP2) in techniques like immunohistochemistry and Western blot. There is no evidence in the provided sources that this clone is used directly in live mouse experiments (in vivo); instead, it is used for ex vivo or in vitro protein detection.
  • A6 (in the context of guide RNA): In a gene-editing study, "A6" refers to a specific single-guide RNA (sgRNA-A6) targeting a site in the Rpe65 gene, used in combination with an adenine base editor (NG-ABE) to correct mutations in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA). The combination of sgRNA-A6 and NG-ABE was delivered via lentiviral vector injected subretinally, resulting in targeted base editing in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells in vivo. However, this "A6" is a genetic targeting reagent, not an antibody or cell line clone.
  • A6.1: This is an anti-thrombospondin monoclonal antibody clone, referenced in a study for immunohistochemistry on mouse tissue sections. Again, this is an ex vivo detection method, not an in vivo application.

Summary Table

Clone NameDescriptionIn Vivo Use in Mice?Notes
A6/2/2Anti-AP2 monoclonal antibodyNoFor IHC, Western blot
A6sgRNA for gene editing (Rpe65)YesDelivered by lentivirus for base editing in retina
A6.1Anti-TSP monoclonal antibodyNoFor IHC on tissue sections

Conclusion

There is no evidence in the provided search results that "clone A6.2" is used in in vivo mouse studies. The closest relevant in vivo use is the sgRNA-A6 in a gene-editing context, but this is not an antibody or cell line clone. For monoclonal antibodies with similar names (e.g., A6/2/2, A6.1), their use is limited to ex vivo protein detection, not live animal experiments. If "clone A6.2" refers to a specific cell line, antibody, or reagent not covered in these results, additional information or context would be needed to clarify its in vivo application.

The correct storage temperature for a sterile packaged clone A6.2—assuming it is a biological sample such as cells or antibodies—should generally be below ?80°C for long-term preservation, ideally in liquid nitrogen (LN?, typically at ?150°C to ?190°C).

  • For short-term storage (less than 7 days), ?80°C is sufficient.
  • For long-term storage and best preservation of function, transfer the sample to liquid nitrogen storage—either the vapor or liquid phase—to ensure molecular activity is completely halted and cell viability/functionality are sustained.

Supporting Details:

  • Storage in liquid nitrogen (either vapor or liquid phase) is advised for biological samples like PBMCs, stem cells, or clones to avoid metabolic activity and degradation, as molecular movement continues even at ?80°C but halts at the water glass transition (~?130°C).
  • Handling should minimize exposure to elevated temperatures, especially during transfers (use dry ice for brief transitions, but not for storage).
  • In contrast, sterile-packaged non-cellular medical devices or supplies may be stored at 18–23°C, but this does not apply to living biological samples.

If “clone A6.2” refers to a specific cell line or antibody preparation, follow manufacturer guidelines if supplied—otherwise, the above protocol applies for biological sample integrity. If additional details about “clone A6.2” are provided, storage recommendations may be refined.

Commonly Used Antibodies and Proteins with "A6.2" in Scientific Literature

The search results do not explicitly detail antibodies or proteins commonly used in combination with "A6.2." However, based on the available information, here’s a structured summary of relevant findings and contextual clues:

Antibody and Protein Context for "A6.2"

  • AP2 alpha Antibody (A6/2/2): This monoclonal antibody (clone A6/2/2, human reactivity, mouse IgG isotype) is directed against the C-terminal peptide of AP2 alpha. It is validated for various applications such as ELISA, Flow Cytometry, Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence, Immunohistochemistry, Radioimmunoassay, and Western Blot.
  • Applications and Controls: The product datasheet notes "matched isotype control" as a standard control in flow cytometry experiments. Positive controls mentioned include Raji cells and breast carcinomas. CyTOF (mass cytometry) readiness is also highlighted, suggesting compatibility with multiplex antibody panels used in advanced cytometry, though no specific companion antibodies are listed.
  • Reactive Proteins: The main target is AP2 alpha (and alpha/beta forms), but no direct mention is made of companion antibodies or proteins used synchronously in the literature for this clone.

Comparison to Similar Naming Conventions (A6.x)

  • A6.1 Antibody: The literature discusses monoclonal antibody A6.1, generated against thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), not a companion for A6/2/2, but rather an example of antibodies with a similar naming scheme (A6.x). Epitope mapping studies for A6.1 analyze its binding to TSP-1 fragments and calcium-dependent epitopes. There is no indication that A6.1 is used together with A6/2/2.
  • A6 Antibody (CD45/LCA): Another “A6” (not A6.2) recognizes unique isoforms of the leukocyte common antigen (CD45) and is used to identify functional T-cell subsets. Again, this is unrelated to the A6/2/2 clone and is more relevant in immunology and cell phenotyping.

General Practices (Extrapolation)

  • Multiplex Analysis: In advanced cytometry (e.g., CyTOF, flow cytometry), it is common to use panels of antibodies targeting different cell markers to simultaneously assess multiple parameters. However, the specific antibodies paired in such panels would depend on the experimental design (e.g., cell type, pathway of interest), not on the A6/2/2 clone itself.
  • Positive/Negative Controls: Isotype-matched antibodies and known positive controls (e.g., Raji cells for B-cell markers, breast carcinomas for epithelial markers) are standard in immunodetection, but these are not unique to A6/2/2.
  • Gene/Protein Families: If A6/2/2 targets AP2 family members (alpha, beta), one might find literature on other AP2 isoforms (gamma, delta) studied with tools targeting this protein family, but not necessarily specifically with A6/2/2.

Summary Table: Relevant Antibodies and Proteins

Name/CloneTarget ProteinApplication (Literature/Product Use)Companion Antibodies/Proteins Mentioned?
A6/2/2AP2 alpha (and beta)ELISA, Flow, IHC, ICC/IF, WB, CyTOFIsotype control, Raji cells, breast carcinomas
A6.1Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1)Epitope mapping, calcium-binding studiesNot related to A6/2/2
A6 (CD45/LCA)CD45 isoformsT cell subset identificationNot related to A6/2/2

Conclusion

There is no direct evidence in the provided literature or product information that specific antibodies or proteins are consistently used together with the A6/2/2 clone in published protocols. The use of isotype controls and known positive control cell lines (e.g., Raji, breast carcinoma) is standard, but not unique to A6/2/2. Companion antibodies in multiplex assays would be experiment-specific. If you have a particular application or biological context, a tailored literature search in that field may yield more specific information on commonly co-used reagents.

I don't have specific information about clone A6.2 citations in the provided search results. The search results contain general information about cloning methodologies, patent citations, and some specific clones, but none specifically mention clone A6.2 or its citation patterns in scientific literature.

The search results do discuss various aspects of cloning research, including synthetic clone pair dataset generation, clonal selection algorithms, and specific cloning vectors like pGEM-T, but they don't contain data about the particular clone A6.2 that you're asking about.

To provide accurate information about the key findings from clone A6.2 citations, I would need search results that specifically reference this clone and its impact in the scientific literature, including citation metrics, research applications, and any notable discoveries or developments associated with it.

If you have access to scientific databases like PubMed, Web of Science, or Google Scholar, searching directly for "clone A6.2" would likely yield more relevant and specific information about its citations and research impact.

References & Citations

1 Katpally U, Wobus CE, Dryden K, et al. J Virol. 82(5):2079-2088. 2008.
2 Wobus CE, Karst SM, Thackray LB, et al. PLoS Biol. 2(12):e432. 2004.
3 Taube S, Rubin JR, Katpally U, et al. J Virol. 84(11):5695-5705. 2010.
4 2Kolawole AO, Li M, Xia C, et al. J Virol. 88(8):4543-4557. 2014.
5 3Kolawole AO, Smith HQ, Svoboda SA, et al. mSphere. 2(5):e00334-17. 2017.
6 Williams AN, Sherman MB, Smith HQ, et al. J Virol. 95(13):e0017621. 2021.
7 Creutznacher R, Maass T, Dülfer J, et al. Commun Biol. 5(1):563. 2022.
8 Lochridge VP, Hardy ME. J Virol. 81(22):12316-12322. 2007.
9 Kolawole AO, Xia C, Li M, et al. J Gen Virol. 95(Pt 9):1958-1968. 2014.
10 Williams AN, Sherman MB, Smith HQ, et al. J Virol. 95(22):e0147121. 2021.
Indirect Elisa Protocol
FA
N

Certificate of Analysis

Formats Available

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Disclaimer AlertProducts are for research use only. Not for use in diagnostic or therapeutic procedures.