Anti-Mouse TIM-2 – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Clone RMT2-25 is a rat monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes mouse TIM-2 (T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 2), a transmembrane glycoprotein expressed by activated lymphocytes, particularly upregulated in Th2 cells and downregulated in Th1 cells. In in vivo mouse studies, RMT2-25 is primarily used for functional blocking or agonist experiments to investigate the immunoregulatory role of TIM-2 in T cell activation, Th2-biased immune responses, and diseases such as allergy, asthma, and autoimmunity.

Key uses and context in vivo:

• Blocking or modulating TIM-2 activity: RMT2-25 can be administered to mice to antagonize or agonize TIM-2, thereby influencing T cell activation and Th2 responses, which are crucial in allergy, atopic disease, and transplant tolerance research.
• Disease models: The antibody is especially relevant in mouse models of respiratory disease, autoimmune disorders, or transplantation studies where the role of Th2 cells and their regulation by TIM-2 is a key question.
• Target antigen: TIM-2, which is exclusively found in rodent genomes and regulates immune function by acting as a negative regulator of Th2 cells, serving as a receptor for Semaphorin 4A, and being involved in dendritic and B cell signaling.

Typical experimental protocol:

• RMT2-25 is administered via intraperitoneal (i.p.) or intravenous (i.v.) injection as a functional grade, purified antibody.
• Dosing and timing are disease- or model-specific and detailed in lot-specific datasheets or prior publications; optimal conditions must be empirically determined by the investigator for each study.
• Functional assays include measuring changes in Th2 cytokine production, T cell proliferation, and disease symptoms or outcomes in relevant mouse models.

Summary Table:

RMT2-25 is thus a tool for investigating the role of TIM-2 in rodent immune regulation by modulating its function in mouse in vivo disease models.

The correct storage temperature for sterile packaged clone RMT2-25 (TIMD2 Monoclonal Antibody) is:

• 4°C for short-term storage
• -20°C for long-term storage, while avoiding freeze/thaw cycles.

Short-term typically refers to storage over days to a few weeks, while long-term means months or longer. Always avoid repeated freeze/thaw cycles to maintain antibody integrity. Protect from light if the antibody is conjugated (e.g., FITC-labeled).

RMT2-25 is a monoclonal antibody that specifically targets mouse TIM-2 (T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 2), frequently used in immunological research to study T cell activation, Th2 immune responses, and the function or expression of TIM-2. In the literature, several other antibodies or proteins are often used together with RMT2-25, either as controls, for cell subset identification, or to compare different receptor signaling pathways.

Commonly co-used antibodies or proteins include:

• Anti-CD3 and anti-CD28: These antibodies are frequently used to stimulate or activate T cells in culture, enabling researchers to assess how TIM-2 signaling modulates T cell function alongside primary activation signals.
• Anti-TIM-1 (RMT1-10): Since TIM-1 is a related family member expressed on T cells, anti-TIM-1 antibodies are often used in parallel for comparative studies of TIM family regulation of immunity, especially Th1/Th2 differentiation.
• Anti-B220/CD45R or other B cell markers: TIM-2 is expressed on germinal center B cells, so antibodies against B cell markers are commonly used to identify B cell subsets in conjunction with RMT2-25 staining.
• Semaphorin 4A: This is a protein ligand for TIM-2, sometimes added exogenously or blocked in experiments to probe specific signaling interactions.
• Fc Receptor Blockers (e.g., anti-CD16/CD32): Used to prevent nonspecific Fc-mediated binding of rat antibodies like RMT2-25 in mouse samples, ensuring more specific staining or functional readouts.

Additionally, in broader research on receptor-mediated transcytosis (RMT) and related immune processes, other frequently used antibodies include those targeting:

• Transferrin receptor (TfR/CD71)
• Insulin or IGF-1 receptors
• GLUT1 (glucose transporter 1)
• Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and related proteins

These latter antibodies are generally used in parallel experiments or as alternative RMT pathway probes, particularly in blood-brain barrier or endocytosis research.

Overall, the most commonly paired reagents with RMT2-25 are anti-TIM-1, anti-CD3, anti-CD28, B cell markers like B220, Fc-block reagents, and defined protein ligands (such as Semaphorin 4A), all chosen based on the specific immune subset or signaling pathway being interrogated.

Key findings from scientific literature citing clone RMT2-25 center on its use as a monoclonal antibody targeting mouse TIM-2 (T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 2), a transmembrane glycoprotein and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily expressed primarily in activated lymphocytes.

• Functional Characterization of TIM-2:

  • TIM-2 is preferentially up-regulated in Th2 cells (a subset of T-helper cells involved in allergic responses) and down-regulated in Th1 cells.
  • TIM-2 acts as a negative regulator of Th2 cells, impacting atopic disease and Th2-biased immune responses.
  • TIM-2 is also a receptor for Semaphorin 4A, which influences axonal guidance in neurons and enhances T cell activation.

• Role in B Lymphocyte Biology and Autoimmune Disease:

  • RMT2-25, along with related clones, was used to study how anti-TIM-2 monoclonal antibody treatment affects immune responses in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).
  • Administration of anti-TIM-2 mAb, particularly in the early phase of disease, exacerbated arthritis severity by increasing serum levels of anti-collagen (anti-CII) antibodies without affecting Th1 or Th17 cell development.
  • TIM-2 expression is found on splenic B cells and is up-regulated by stimulation, while CD4 T cells do not express TIM-2.
  • Anti-TIM-2 mAb (RMT2-25) enhanced proliferation and antibody production of activated B cells in vitro, indicating a direct role of TIM-2 signaling in B cell function.

• Technical Details and Use Cases:

  • RMT2-25 is a rat IgG2a/? monoclonal antibody.
  • Its specificity for mouse TIM-2 enables precise functional studies in mouse models of immunity, development, and autoimmune disease.
  • It exhibits strong blocking activity among tested clones (RMT2-14, RMT2-25, RMT2-26).

In summary: Literature utilizing clone RMT2-25 identifies TIM-2 as an important regulator of Th2 responses and B cell activation, and implicates TIM-2 signaling in antibody production and autoimmune disease severity in mice. RMT2-25 is recognized as a valuable tool for dissecting TIM-2 function in immunological research.