Anti-Human Hepsin (Clone 2D5) – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Clone 2D5 is a monoclonal antibody specific for human hepsin (HPN), widely used in preclinical research, including in vivo studies in mice. Its main applications involve studies targeting human hepsin in xenograft and humanized mouse models, rather than endogenous mouse targets, because it does not react with murine hepsin. Typical in vivo applications include:

• Tumor xenograft models: Clone 2D5 is used to target human hepsin expressed in transplanted human tumor cells (such as liver, kidney, prostate, or thyroid cancer cell lines) in immunodeficient mice, allowing evaluation of hepsin's role in tumor progression or as a potential therapeutic target.
• Antibody-based therapy studies: Mouse anti-human hepsin antibody 2D5 is administered to assess the effects of inhibiting hepsin activity on tumor growth or metastasis in models where human tumor cells express hepsin.
• Pharmacokinetic and safety studies: Due to its low endotoxin content, clone 2D5 is suitable for systemic administration in mice, enabling studies of antibody distribution, stability, and safety in vivo.

Key properties supporting in vivo use:

• Ultra-low endotoxin, ensuring minimal immune activation in preclinical animal models.
• Mouse IgG2a isotype, facilitating optimal engagement with the murine immune system for effector function analyses.
• Validated for in vivo, as well as ELISA, flow cytometry, and Western blot, ensuring broad experimental versatility.

Limitations:

• Applications in mice are primarily limited to settings where human (not mouse) hepsin is expressed, such as human cell xenografts or transgenic animals expressing human hepsin.
• It is not used to target mouse endogenous hepsin because of species specificity.

In summary, clone 2D5 in mice is predominantly used for targeting human hepsin in xenograft tumor models, therapeutic antibody evaluation, and biomarker validation studies in preclinical oncology research.

Commonly used antibodies or proteins studied alongside 2D5 in the literature depend heavily on which target the 2D5 antibody is raised against, as there are different versions of 2D5 (such as anti-PRAME and anti-hepsin/HPN). The context of your query appears to focus primarily on the anti-PRAME 2D5 monoclonal antibody, which is prominently featured in recent studies.

For anti-PRAME 2D5:

• Commercial polyclonal anti-PRAME antibodies (for example, Abcam's ab89097) are frequently used as a reference or control alongside 2D5 in comparative binding and detection assays, such as ELISA and Western blotting. These polyclonal antibodies allow direct performance benchmarking with 2D5.
• PRAME-related interacting proteins: Studies using 2D5 to characterize PRAME interactions often reference other proteins such as RAR (retinoic acid receptor) and EZH2, since PRAME is known to interact with these in regulatory complexes.
• Other cell markers/cancer antigens: When used in flow cytometry or immunophenotyping of cancer cells, anti-PRAME 2D5 may be applied alongside antibodies against common hematopoietic or cancer markers (like CD19 or CD20 for lymphomas) for co-labeling, although specific examples with antibody clone names are not detailed in the cited literature.

For anti-hepsin/HPN 2D5:

• Other anti-hepsin antibodies: When characterizing the specificity of clone 2D5 against hepsin, additional mouse or rabbit monoclonal or polyclonal anti-hepsin antibodies (different clones) are sometimes used for comparative immunoassays such as Western blot, IHC, or ELISA.
• Related serine proteases: Hepsin studies may include comparative analyses with antibodies against related serine proteases to verify selectivity, but specific antibody combinations are not explicitly detailed in the cited reference.

For 2D5 used in reference or benchmarking:

• In broader biomarker or epitope mapping studies, multiple antibodies (e.g., 2D5, 5B8, and 15F3) targeting different epitopes or glycoforms of the same protein (such as MUC4) may be applied together for specificity and competitive binding assays.

Summary of typical antibody/protein combinations with 2D5:

• Polyclonal or commercial monoclonal antibodies targeting the same antigen (e.g., PRAME) for benchmarking performance.
• Antibodies against interacting or pathway-related proteins (e.g., EZH2, RAR, TRAIL) to study molecular complexes.
• Panel of epitope-specific antibodies (e.g., anti-MUC4 2D5, 5B8, 15F3) for epitope mapping or competition assays.
• Cell-lineage/cancer markers in flow cytometry for multi-labeling of cell populations (specifics are study-dependent).

If you require information on a specific species, target, or experimental method, please clarify, as '2D5' is a commonly used clone name for several distinct antibodies.

The search results do not provide direct information about a specific cell line, antibody, or entity termed "clone 2D5" or any citations related to such a clone in the scientific literature. The first result discusses "clone journals"—a term referring to predatory or fake journals that mimic legitimate ones, which is unrelated to biological or experimental clones. The second result pertains to PCR and cloning artifacts in microbial genetics, but does not mention "2D5". The third result is a citation tool, and the fourth discusses clonotypes in immunogenetics, but again without reference to "2D5".

Conclusion:
Based on the provided search results, there are no key findings or citations related to "clone 2D5" in the scientific literature. If you have a specific context (e.g., a cell line, antibody, or molecular clone), additional details would be required to identify relevant research. If "clone 2D5" refers to a monoclonal antibody, cell line, or a specific clone in a particular organism or experiment, this entity is not mentioned in the current results. For targeted information, it is advisable to consult specialized databases (e.g., PubMed, Google Scholar) or provide more context about the clone in question.

There is no comprehensive published guidance specifically describing the variation in dosing regimens of clone 2D5 across different mouse models in the retrieved search results. The available sources describe general antibody dosing strategies and regimens for commonly used clones in mouse models, but do not provide direct evidence or specific data for clone 2D5.

Essential context:

• Clone information: Clone 2D5 is a mouse monoclonal antibody (example: anti-CTSE, as supplied by Abnova), but no dosing protocols or regimens are given in the cited listing, nor is its experimental use explicitly detailed.
• In vivo antibody dosing: For widely used in vivo mouse antibodies (e.g., anti-CTLA-4 clones 9H10 and 9D9, anti-CD4 GK1.5), typical dose ranges of 100–250 μg per mouse, intraperitoneally, every 2–3 days, are a standard starting point for most immunotherapy and cell depletion studies. These numbers serve as a broad framework.
• Route and frequency: Most functional antibodies in mice are administered intraperitoneally (IP), 2–3 times per week, but can vary depending on experimental goals, the antibody’s pharmacokinetics, and the immune status of the mouse strain.

Further considerations:

• Variability by mouse model: Immunocompromised and humanized mice, such as NOG or NSG strains, often require special attention to dosing due to differences in immune cell composition, drug metabolism, and lifespan of engrafted cells. The variability may also derive from antigen abundance, tissue distribution, or strain-specific sensitivity.

• General extrapolation: When direct data on clone 2D5 are lacking, researchers typically start with a standard antibody dosing regimen from similar clones or related functional studies, adjusting based on observed efficacy and toxicity.

• Dose determination: Empirical titration by pilot studies—measuring pharmacodynamics (target engagement, cell depletion), toxicity, and downstream biological effects—is the standard in the absence of well-documented protocols for a particular clone.

In summary, no search results provide dosing regimens for clone 2D5 across mouse models. Where dosing data are lacking, it is standard practice to adopt guidelines for analogous monoclonal antibodies (100–250 μg per mouse, IP, 2–3 times per week), with further optimization based on the specific experimental context and mouse model. Direct consultation of primary literature or technical datasheets specific to clone 2D5 is recommended for precise dose optimization.