Anti-Human Hepsin (Clone 2D5) – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Clone 2D5 is a mouse monoclonal antibody that specifically recognizes human hepsin (HPN), most commonly used in in vivo applications in mice for the study of human hepsin biology and therapeutic antibody research. These applications rely on humanized or xenograft mouse models, as the antibody does not cross-react with endogenous mouse hepsin.

Key in vivo applications in mice include:

• Therapeutic Target Validation and Mechanistic Studies:
  Clone 2D5 can be administered to mice bearing human tumor xenografts (such as prostate, liver, kidney, or thyroid cancers, where hepsin is highly expressed) to investigate the biological role of hepsin and assess the therapeutic potential of hepsin blockade in vivo.

• Oncology Research:
  It is often used to study the impact of hepsin inhibition on tumor growth, metastasis, or response to other therapies, particularly using immunodeficient mice that permit engraftment of human cells.

• Pharmacokinetics and Safety:
  Preclinical pharmacokinetics, safety, and biodistribution of anti-hepsin antibodies such as 2D5 are studied in mice to evaluate their suitability for further development as therapeutic agents.

• Immunophenotyping and Ex Vivo Analysis:
  Although the primary in vivo use is functional intervention, subsequent analyses might include evaluating changes in cellular composition within tumors or tissues by flow cytometry, leveraging the specificity of clone 2D5.

Key details:

• The antibody is supplied in low- or ultra-low endotoxin formulations specifically for in vivo use, minimizing risk of non-specific immune activation in mouse models.
• Validated applications extend to ELISA, flow cytometry, and western blotting, making the clone useful for both in vivo intervention and subsequent molecular analyses.

Limitations:

• Clone 2D5 is specific for human hepsin and does not cross-react with the mouse ortholog, restricting its use to humanized settings in mice.

No evidence was found that clone 2D5 is commonly used for depleting immune cells or for non-hepsin-related in vivo applications in mice.

Summary Table: Common In Vivo Applications of Clone 2D5 in Mice

These applications support both basic research and preclinical evaluation of anti-hepsin strategies for cancer therapy.

The literature specifically discussing 2D5 is limited, but one prominent use is as a murine monoclonal antibody targeting the PRAME (preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma) protein, valued for its very high affinity (K~D~ ≈ 35 pM) and ability to recognize both full-length and denatured PRAME, making it suitable for assays such as ELISA, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), Western blot, and cytofluorimetry. However, direct evidence in the available search results does not show the 2D5 antibody being routinely used in combination with other specific antibodies or proteins for multiplex assays or co-immunoprecipitation.

Commonly Used Antibodies and Proteins

No Commonly Documented Partners for 2D5 (Anti-PRAME):
There is no literature in the provided search results indicating that 2D5 (anti-PRAME) is routinely paired with other specific antibodies or proteins in standard assays. Its primary described use is as a standalone reagent to detect and study PRAME in various cancer types.

Hypothetical Potential Partners:
In broader immunological or cancer research, proteins and antibodies often used in combination with tumor-associated antigens like PRAME might include:

• Secondary antibodies (e.g., anti-mouse IgG for detection of murine 2D5 in Western blot/immunohistochemistry).
• Housekeeping proteins (e.g., β-actin, GAPDH) as loading controls in Western blots when studying PRAME expression.
• Other cancer markers (e.g., flow cytometry panels for leukemia/lymphoma profiling), but direct combination with 2D5 is not documented in the provided literature.

Other 2D5 Antibodies (e.g., anti-glyco-MUC4):
Note that “2D5” is also the name of an anti-glyco-MUC4 antibody (not related to PRAME), which is sometimes used as a reference or test antibody in glyco-MUC4 research. In such contexts, it might be compared with other anti-glyco-MUC4 antibodies like 5B8 and 15F3. However, this is a distinct antibody and target from the 2D5 anti-PRAME discussed above.

Antibody-Engineering Context:
In studies of antibody affinity maturation and engineering (not directly related to 2D5 anti-PRAME), antibodies like D5 (anti-HIV gp41) are used as model systems to study antibody–protein interactions and the requirements for high affinity and specificity, but they are separate from 2D5.

Summary Table

Conclusion

For 2D5 (anti-PRAME), the available literature does not indicate routine use with other specific antibodies or proteins in the same assay; it is primarily described as a high-affinity, standalone reagent for PRAME detection. If you found references to 2D5 being used in combination with other reagents, those would be in specialized, non-general contexts not covered by the current search results. For 2D5 (anti-glyco-MUC4), combination with other anti-glyco-MUC4 antibodies is documented, but this is a separate antibody system. If you have a specific biological context in mind, further literature search with detailed experimental details may be required.

There are no scientific literature search results specifically addressing clone 2D5 citations or summarizing the key findings associated with them. None of the indexed sources discuss a clone designated as "2D5," nor do they provide results from its citations or related scientific findings.

If you are inquiring about a specific monoclonal antibody (e.g., "2D5 clone" as a reagent in cell biology or immunology studies), there are no direct findings available in the search results to describe its biological targets or impact. Similarly, if "clone 2D5" refers to a research tool, gene clone, or cell line, such details are absent in the retrieved sources.

The search results address issues related to cloned journals (i.e., fraudulent or predatory scientific journals), patterns of citation in replicable/nonreplicable publications, and tools for generating citations, but none relate to clone 2D5.

If you require information about a specific reagent, cell line, or gene clone named 2D5:

• Precise details (such as organism, application, or context) would help clarify the query for future searches or responses.
• If referring to scientific citation impact or research using clone 2D5, those details were not present in this literature sample.

In summary: No key findings for "clone 2D5" citations appear in the provided scientific literature search results. The query may need clarification or a more targeted literature search for relevant scientific context.

There is limited direct evidence in the search results regarding the exact dosing regimens of clone 2D5 in different mouse models. Most available sources provide general protocols for antibody administration in mice but do not specifically address clone 2D5 or compare its regimen across various models.

Key findings based on search results and established practices:

• Clone 2D5 is listed as an anti-CTSE (cathepsin E) mouse monoclonal antibody by Abnova, commonly used for immunological studies in mice.
• Common antibody dosing in mouse models generally ranges from 100–250 μg per mouse, typically administered by intraperitoneal injection every 2–3 days to once a week, depending on the target and application.
• Dosing strategies are highly influenced by:
  • Mouse strain and immunological status.
  • Experimental objectives (e.g., depletion, blockade, detection).
  • Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) profiles of the antibody, which vary between antibodies and experimental designs.
• Dosing regimens for other monoclonal antibodies (commonly used anti-CTLA-4, CD4, CD8) suggest standard doses of 100–250 μg per mouse, recurring every 2–3 days to once a week for functional depletion or blockade studies.

Missing or insufficient information:

• There is no published, peer-reviewed protocol specifically detailing how clone 2D5 dosing regimens vary across different mouse models in the search results.
• Established antibody dosing guides recommend optimization by pilot experiments and monitoring efficacy (target depletion or detection) and toxicity, which would apply to clone 2D5 as well in the absence of model-specific data.

Reasoned extrapolation (indicated as such):If following standard in vivo monoclonal antibody protocol for mouse immunology, a starting dose of 100–250 μg per mouse, given intraperitoneally every 3–7 days, would be typical. Optimization would likely be necessary for:

• Immunodeficient vs. immunocompetent strains.
• Disease models (e.g., oncology vs. infection).
• Endpoints (e.g., depletion, inhibition, detection).

Conclusion:
There is no specific published data for clone 2D5 regimens across different mouse models in the provided search results. Standard practice would be to use regimens similar to those for other mouse monoclonal antibodies (100–250 μg/mouse, intraperitoneally, 2–3 times per week) and adjust depending on the model and research objective, with pilot studies to refine dosing for optimal effect and minimal toxicity.