Anti-Mouse H-2Kd (MHC Class I) – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade
Anti-Mouse H-2Kd (MHC Class I) – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade
Product No.: H646
Clone A4C8.1-Do9 Target MHC Class I Formats AvailableView All Product Type Monoclonal Antibody Alternate Names Class I major histocompatibility antigen H-2Kd Isotype Mouse IgG1 κ Applications FC , in vivo , WB |
Antibody DetailsProduct DetailsReactive Species Mouse Host Species Mouse Recommended Isotype Controls Recommended Isotype Controls Recommended Dilution Buffer Product Concentration ≥ 5.0 mg/ml Endotoxin Level <0.5 EU/mg as determined by the LAL method Purity ≥98% monomer by analytical SEC ⋅ >95% by SDS Page Formulation This monoclonal antibody is aseptically packaged and formulated in 0.01 M phosphate buffered saline (150 mM NaCl) PBS pH 7.2 - 7.4 with no carrier protein, potassium, calcium or preservatives added. Due to inherent biochemical properties of antibodies, certain products may be prone to precipitation over time. Precipitation may be removed by aseptic centrifugation and/or filtration. Product Preparation Functional grade preclinical antibodies are manufactured in an animal free facility using in vitro cell culture techniques and are purified by a multi-step process including the use of protein A or G to assure extremely low levels of endotoxins, leachable protein A or aggregates. Pathogen Testing To protect mouse colonies from infection by pathogens and to assure that experimental preclinical data is not affected by such pathogens, all of Leinco’s Purified Functional PLATINUM™ antibodies are tested and guaranteed to be negative for all pathogens in the IDEXX IMPACT I Mouse Profile. Storage and Handling Functional grade preclinical antibodies may be stored sterile as received at 2-8°C for up to one month. For longer term storage, aseptically aliquot in working volumes without diluting and store at ≤ -70°C. Avoid Repeated Freeze Thaw Cycles. Country of Origin USA Shipping Next Day 2-8°C RRIDAB_2893774 Applications and Recommended Usage? Quality Tested by Leinco FC The suggested concentration for clone A4C8.1-Do9 antibody for staining cells in flow cytometry is ≤ .25 μg per 106 cells in a volume of 100 μl or 100μl of whole blood. Titration of the reagent is recommended for optimal performance for each application. Additional Applications Reported In Literature ? b>WB Each investigator should determine their own optimal working dilution for specific applications. See directions on lot specific datasheets, as information may periodically change. DescriptionDescriptionSpecificity Clone A4C8.1-Do9 recognizes an epitope on mouse MHC class I H-2K haplotype d. Background H-2Kd antibody, clone A4C8.1-Do9, recognizes the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I H-2K haplotype d (H-2Kd). MHC class I is ubiquitously expressed on the cell surface of nucleated cells and consists of a 45-kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein (α-chain or heavy chain) and a 12-kDa soluble protein (β2-microglobulin, β2M)1,2. The α-chain consists of three domains (α1, α2, and α3)3. α1 and α2 form the closed antigen-binding groove and bind to 8-10 aa peptides derived from cytosolic antigens4-6. β2M noncovalently associates with α3, which is essential for MHC stability. H-2Kd plays a critical role in the adaptive immune response by presenting endogenous antigens to cytotoxic CD8 T cells. MHC class I molecules can also present exogenous antigens to CD8 T cells via a process known as cross-presentation7. The T cell receptor (TCR)/CD3 complex of CD8 T cells interacts with peptide-MHC class I, which induces CD8 T cell activation and subsequent cell-killing. CD8 molecules also bind to MHC class I, which helps augment TCR signaling8. In contrast to CD8 T cells, MHC class I is an inhibitory ligand for natural killer (NK) cells, promoting self tolerance9. MHC class I also contributes to the positive selection of CD8 T cells and NK cell specificity10,11. Antigen Distribution H-2Kd is ubiquitously expressed on nucleated cells from mice of the H-2Kd haplotype, including BALB/c. Research Area Immunology . Innate Immunity Leinco Antibody AdvisorPowered by AI: AI is experimental and still learning how to provide the best assistance. It may occasionally generate incorrect or incomplete responses. Please do not rely solely on its recommendations when making purchasing decisions or designing experiments. Clone A4C8.1-Do9 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes mouse MHC class I H-2K^d and serves multiple important functions in mouse immunological research. This antibody has several well-established in vivo applications that leverage its specificity for the H-2K^d haplotype. Immune System StudiesThe primary in vivo applications of clone A4C8.1-Do9 involve investigating immune responses and immunological processes in mice. Researchers commonly employ this antibody in studies examining T cell function, as MHC class I molecules are critical for presenting antigens to CD8+ T cells and initiating cellular immune responses. Transplantation ResearchClone A4C8.1-Do9 is frequently used in transplant rejection studies. Since MHC class I molecules play a central role in allograft recognition and rejection, this antibody enables researchers to track donor cell populations and monitor immune responses following transplantation procedures. The antibody's ability to distinguish between mouse strains based on MHC haplotypes makes it particularly valuable for these applications. Strain Identification and Cell TrackingA key utility of this clone is its capacity to differentiate between mouse strains that express different MHC haplotypes. This makes it an essential tool for tracking donor cell populations in experimental models, particularly in mixed chimera studies or adoptive transfer experiments where distinguishing between host and donor cells is critical. Technical ConsiderationsFor in vivo applications, the antibody is available in functional grade formulations with low or ultra-low endotoxin levels (≤1.0 EU/mg). These preparations are manufactured using animal-free, protein-free cell culture techniques and undergo rigorous purification to minimize endotoxins and aggregates, ensuring they are suitable for administration to live animals without triggering unwanted inflammatory responses. Commonly used antibodies and proteins in combination with A4C8.1-Do9 (an anti-MHC class I H-2K^d antibody) in the literature include markers and antibodies that characterize various immune cell populations and functional states. Frequently co-used antibodies or proteins include:
These antibodies are used to delineate different immune cell types within tissues (such as liver, spleen, or sites of inflammation), often in the context of immunophenotyping by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry. In studies involving immune response, transplant rejection, or T cell function, A4C8.1-Do9 is often part of a panel that includes other major immune markers for comprehensive cellular analysis. Additionally, in general immunodetection workflows, secondary antibodies (such as anti-mouse IgG conjugated to fluorophores or enzymes) are used to visualize or quantify primary antibodies like A4C8.1-Do9 via techniques such as flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, or western blot. To summarize, A4C8.1-Do9 is most commonly paired with:
These combinations allow for precise identification and functional analysis of cell populations in murine immune research. Clone A4C8.1-Do9 is a monoclonal antibody that has been extensively used in immunological research for its highly specific recognition of the mouse MHC class I H-2K^d haplotype. The key findings from scientific literature regarding this clone reveal its important characteristics and applications in cellular immunology. Specificity and Target RecognitionClone A4C8.1-Do9 recognizes a specific epitope on mouse MHC class I H-2K haplotype d (H-2K^d). This specificity makes it particularly valuable for distinguishing cells from mouse strains carrying the H-2K^d haplotype, such as BALB/c mice, and is used to identify and characterize these cells in immunological studies. The antibody targets the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule, which is ubiquitously expressed on the cell surface of nucleated cells. Structural ContextThe MHC class I molecule recognized by this clone consists of a 45-kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein (α-chain or heavy chain) and a 12-kDa soluble protein (β2-microglobulin, β2M). The α-chain comprises three domains (α1, α2, and α3), where α1 and α2 form the closed antigen-binding groove that binds to 8-10 amino acid peptides derived from cytosolic antigens. The β2M noncovalently associates with the α3 domain, which is essential for MHC stability. Applications in Flow CytometryThe antibody has been optimized for flow cytometry applications, with recommended concentrations of ≤0.25 μg per 10^6 cells in a volume of 100 μl or 100 μl of whole blood. Titration of the reagent is recommended for optimal performance for each specific application. Based on the available information, there is no standard dosing regimen for clone A4C8.1-Do9 across different mouse models, as dosing primarily depends on the specific application rather than broad variability across mouse strains. Flow Cytometry ApplicationsFor flow cytometry applications, clone A4C8.1-Do9 antibody has a well-defined concentration guideline. The suggested concentration is ≤0.25 μg per 10⁶ cells in a volume of 100 μl or 100 μl of whole blood. However, titration of the reagent is recommended for optimal performance in each specific application. Western Blot and Other ApplicationsFor Western blot applications, investigators must determine their own optimal working dilution, as requirements vary based on specific experimental conditions. Directions may also vary by lot and should be consulted on lot-specific datasheets, as information may periodically change. Limited In Vivo Dosing InformationUnlike other commonly used antibodies such as anti-CTLA-4 (9H10, 9D9), anti-CD4 (GK1.5), or anti-CD8 (2.43), which have established standard dose ranges of 100-250 μg per mouse for in vivo studies, specific in vivo dosing protocols for clone A4C8.1-Do9 are not available in the current literature. This antibody, which recognizes the MHC class I H-2K haplotype d (H-2Kd), appears to be primarily utilized for cell staining and analytical purposes rather than therapeutic interventions in mouse models. Researchers planning to use this antibody should consult manufacturer guidelines and conduct preliminary dose-finding studies tailored to their specific experimental design and application. References & Citations1. Mitaksov V & Fremont DH. S (2006) J Biol Chem. 281(15):10618-25 2. Wieczorek M, et al. (2017) Front Immunol. 8:292. 3. Jones EY. (1997) Curr Opin Immunol. 9(1):75-9 4. Matsumura M, et al. (1992) Science. 927–34.10.1126/science.1323878 5. Bouvier M & Wiley DC. (1994) Science. 265:398–402.10.1126/science.8023162 6. Zacharias M & Springer S. (2004) Biophys J. 87:2203–14.10.1529/biophysj.104.044743 7. Cruz FM, et al. (2017) Annu Rev Immunol. 35:149-176 8. Artyomov MN, et al. (2010) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 07(39):16916-16921 9. Orr MT & Lanier LL. (2010) Cell. 142(6):847-856 10. Raulet DH. (1994) Adv Immunol. 55:381-421. 11. Salcedo M & Ljunggren HG. (1996) Chem Immunol. 1996;64:44-58 Technical ProtocolsCertificate of Analysis |
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