Anti-Mouse GM-CSF – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

The MP1-22E9 clone is commonly used in various in vivo applications in mice, particularly for its ability to neutralize granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Here are some of its applications:

1. Neutralization of GM-CSF: This antibody is used to block or neutralize GM-CSF activity in living mouse models, which is crucial in understanding the role of GM-CSF in immune responses and disease models.

2. In Vivo Studies: The MP1-22E9 antibody is often used in in vivo mouse studies to investigate the biological effects of GM-CSF. It can be used to study diseases where GM-CSF plays a significant role, such as inflammatory conditions or immune disorders.

3. Cancer and Inflammation Research: By neutralizing GM-CSF, researchers can study its role in promoting tissue inflammation and its involvement in cancer progression. This is particularly useful in mouse models of cancer or inflammatory diseases.

4. Pulmonary Research: Given GM-CSF's role in pulmonary conditions like alveolar proteinosis, the MP1-22E9 antibody can be used to study such diseases in mouse models.

Overall, the MP1-22E9 clone is a versatile tool for in vivo research involving GM-CSF in mice.

In the literature, the MP1-22E9 antibody is often used in conjunction with other antibodies or proteins for various applications. Here are some commonly used antibodies or proteins paired with MP1-22E9:

1. Biotinylated MP1-31G6 Antibody: This antibody is frequently used as a detection antibody in sandwich ELISA and ELISPOT assays when MP1-22E9 serves as the capture antibody. The combination of these two antibodies allows for the detection and quantification of mouse GM-CSF levels.

2. Recombinant Mouse GM-CSF (14-8331): This protein is used as a standard in ELISA assays to establish a calibration curve for quantifying GM-CSF.

3. Isotype Control Antibodies: Rat IgG2a isotype controls are used to ensure specificity and assess background staining in experiments involving MP1-22E9. These controls help confirm that the observed effects are due to the specific binding of MP1-22E9 to GM-CSF rather than nonspecific interactions.

These proteins and antibodies are commonly utilized in research involving GM-CSF, particularly in studies focusing on immune cell function, cytokine regulation, and hematopoiesis.

Clone MP1-22E9 is a well-characterized rat monoclonal antibody that specifically targets mouse granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and is extensively cited in scientific literature for both its functional and analytical applications.

Key findings and usage from the literature:

• Neutralization of GM-CSF bioactivity: MP1-22E9 is widely used to neutralize GM-CSF in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Its ability to inhibit cytokine activity has enabled researchers to study GM-CSF’s role in inflammation, hematopoiesis, immune cell differentiation, and disease processes such as arthritis and pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

• ELISA and Detection Applications: MP1-22E9 functions effectively as a capture antibody in sandwich ELISAs to quantify mouse GM-CSF levels, often paired with biotinylated detection antibodies like MP1-31G6. Reported concentrations for ELISA capture range from 1–4 μg/mL, with standard curves spanning 8–1000 pg/mL.

• Flow Cytometry and Intracellular Staining: The antibody is validated for flow cytometry and intracellular staining to detect GM-CSF production from various cell types, including T cells, macrophages, NK cells, and fibroblasts.

• Disease and Functional Immunology: MP1-22E9 has been central in studies showing that GM-CSF drives extramedullary myelopoiesis, neutrophil tissue accumulation, and inflammatory joint pathology (e.g., in arthritis models). Its neutralizing activity has enabled testing of therapeutic and prophylactic targeting of GM-CSF to ameliorate tissue-toxic inflammation.

• Multiplex, ELISPOT, and Western Blot: MP1-22E9 is also cited as suitable for ELISPOT assays (detecting cytokine-secreting cells), multiplex cytokine panels, and western blot analyses for GM-CSF protein. It is recommended for immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry on frozen tissue sections.

• Biological Insights: Research using MP1-22E9 elucidates that GM-CSF can potentiate autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, regulate myeloid cell generation, and contribute to pathological tissue responses such as acute respiratory distress syndrome.

• Technical Specifications: The antibody is a rat IgG2a, κ isotype, typically purified to >90–95%, with low endotoxin levels for functional (in vivo/in vitro) assays.

Summary Table: Major MP1-22E9 Applications

MP1-22E9 remains a reference monoclonal antibody for dissecting the biology of mouse GM-CSF across immunology and inflammation research. Its functional neutralization properties allow for analysis of GM-CSF’s roles in cellular differentiation, autoimmune responses, and tissue pathology.

Dosing Regimens of Clone MP1-22E9 in Mouse Models

The dosing regimens for the MP1-22E9 monoclonal antibody, which targets mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), are not standardized across different mouse models. Instead, these regimens must be empirically determined for each specific study. This is due to the variability in experimental designs, objectives, and the biological context of GM-CSF in various disease models.

Reported Dosing Regimens

1. Autochthonous Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Mice Models:
   • Dosage: 30 mg/kg
   • Administration: Intraperitoneally, every 2 days for 4 weeks.

In general, dosing regimens depend on factors such as the specific application (e.g., in vivo neutralization, flow cytometry), the model's sensitivity to GM-CSF neutralization, and the desired outcome (e.g., inhibition of GM-CSF effects).

Considerations for Dosing

• Neutralization Activity: The MP1-22E9 antibody is effective in neutralizing mouse GM-CSF, which means that the dose should be sufficient to significantly inhibit GM-CSF activity without causing adverse effects.
• Model-Specific Requirements: Different models might require different degrees of GM-CSF inhibition based on the role of GM-CSF in the model's pathology.
• Administration Route: Common routes include intraperitoneal or intravenous injections, depending on the model and the desired distribution of the antibody within the body.

Given the variability in dosing regimens across different studies, thorough literature reviews and pilot experiments are recommended to determine the optimal dosing strategy for a specific mouse model.