Anti-Mouse PD-L2 (B7-DC) – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

Clone TY25 is commonly used in vivo in mice to block PD-L2 (CD273, B7-DC) interactions, study the immunoregulatory role of PD-L2, and sometimes to characterize or deplete PD-L2-expressing cells in various mouse models.

Key in vivo applications include:

• Blocking PD-L2/PD-1 interactions: TY25 is primarily utilized to inhibit the binding of PD-L2 to its receptor PD-1, thereby modulating T cell responses, especially in studies investigating immune checkpoint functions, tumor immunology, and tolerance.
• Analysis of immune responses: Researchers use TY25 to assess the effect of PD-L2 blockade on T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and immune regulation in mice, which is important in contexts like cancer, autoimmunity, and infection.
• Detection and depletion of PD-L2+ cells: Less frequently, the antibody is applied to identify or deplete antigen-presenting cells (such as dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages) that express PD-L2 in vivo, enabling study of their role in immune regulation.

Additional relevant details:

• TY25 is a rat IgG2a antibody specific for mouse PD-L2 and does not cross-react with PD-L1, making it highly selective for studies requiring discrimination between PD-1 ligands.
• It is available in low endotoxin, functional grade formulations suitable for in vivo administration in preclinical research.

In summary, in vivo applications of clone TY25 in mice predominantly involve blocking PD-L2-mediated inhibitory signaling to explore its role in modulating immune responses, with secondary uses in cell depletion and detection within immunological models.

Based on the available search results, there is limited specific information about antibodies or proteins commonly used with TY25 in the literature. The search results indicate that TY25 is an anti-mouse PD-L2 (B7-DC) antibody, and one source mentions that "The TY25 antibody is mentioned in the context of CD273", but does not provide details about which other antibodies or proteins are frequently paired with it in research studies.

The search results primarily focus on other antibody systems, particularly anti-CD25 antibodies and their various applications, as well as antibody structure prediction methods. However, these do not directly address the specific question about TY25's common co-usage partners in scientific literature.

To obtain comprehensive information about which antibodies or proteins are commonly used alongside TY25 in published research, you would need to access more specific literature databases or publications that directly discuss experimental protocols involving this particular antibody clone.

The monoclonal antibody clone TY25 is primarily used for targeting mouse PD-L2 (Programmed Death-Ligand 2), which plays a crucial role in immunomodulation and T cell regulation. Key findings from clone TY25 citations in scientific literature include:

• Immunological Research: Clone TY25 is utilized in studies focusing on the PD-L2/PD-1 pathway, which is critical for understanding immune responses and developing immunotherapies.
• Protein-Protein Interactions: The antibody has been instrumental in elucidating protein-protein interactions, particularly in the context of PD-L1/PD-L2 interactions with PD-1 on T cells.
• Thy-1.2/T25: Although not directly related to PD-L2, the mention of TY25 in some contexts may be confused with studies involving Thy-1.2/T25 markers, which are used in research on T cell surface antigens.
• Validation and Use: Clone TY25 is validated for use in various applications such as flow cytometry (FACS) and Western blotting, making it a versatile tool in immunological research.

Overall, clone TY25 is a valuable research tool in the field of immunology, particularly for studying PD-L2 and its interactions with other immune molecules.

Dosing regimens for clone TY25 (anti-mouse CD273/PD-L2) in mouse models are not standardized and often lack direct specification in common antibody dosing guides. This represents a significant challenge for researchers seeking to use this antibody in preclinical studies.

Available Dosing Information

For flow cytometry applications, the suggested concentration is ≤0.25 μg per 10⁶ cells in a volume of 100 μl. However, titration of the reagent is recommended for optimal performance, as this concentration may need adjustment depending on the specific application.

Lack of Standardized In Vivo Protocols

Unlike other commonly used antibodies in mouse models—such as anti-CTLA-4 antibodies (100-250 μg per mouse), anti-CD4 antibodies (200-250 μg per mouse), or anti-CD8 antibodies (250 μg per mouse)—clone TY25 does not have established standard dosing protocols across different experimental contexts. For other applications including Western blot, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation, each investigator must determine their own optimal working dilution.

Antibody Specificity

Clone TY25 recognizes an epitope on mouse PD-L2 (also known as B7-DC and CD273) and does not cross-react with PD-L1. PD-L2 is a 42 kDa type I transmembrane glycoprotein primarily expressed on antigen-presenting cells, including macrophages and dendritic cells. This specificity is important when designing experiments, but the absence of standardized dosing protocols means researchers must conduct preliminary optimization studies for their specific mouse models and experimental objectives.