Anti-Human CD2 [Clone G11] — Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

Based on the available information, clone G11 has been developed and characterized for specific in vivo applications, though the search results primarily describe preclinical development rather than extensive in vivo mouse studies.

Tumor Targeting Applications

The G11 antibody, which is a human monoclonal antibody targeting domain C of tenascin-C, has been engineered specifically for tumor-targeting applications in vivo. Tenascin-C is overexpressed in various tumors, making it an attractive target for cancer therapy. The antibody demonstrates strong immunohistochemical staining of human tumor sections, indicating its potential utility for tumor targeting.

Antibody Format Engineering

To optimize in vivo performance, the G11 antibody has been cloned and expressed in multiple formats specifically designed for animal studies:

Small Immunoprotein (SIP) Format: The scFv(G11) was fused with a human εCH4 domain to create a 75 kDa bivalent miniantibody. This format has proven superior to conventional IgG and scFv formats for radioimmunotherapeutic applications, as it provides improved pharmacokinetics and tumor penetration.

Cytokine Fusion Proteins: The scFv(G11) was also fused with human interleukin-2 to create an immunocytokine fusion protein. Unlike similar constructs, the scFv(G11)-IL2 fusion proved to be exclusively monomeric under physiological conditions.

CD2-Targeting Applications

A separate G11 clone targeting human CD2 has been developed as a functional grade preclinical antibody for in vivo use. This antibody is manufactured under animal-free conditions with extremely low endotoxin levels (<0.5 EU/mg) and high purity (>95%), making it suitable for in vivo mouse studies. The antibody is tested and guaranteed to be free of mouse pathogens that could compromise experimental results.

Commonly used antibodies or proteins used in combination with G11 (an antibody targeting extra-domain C of tenascin-C) in the literature include:

• scFv(L19): Frequently used as a comparator antibody. L19 is another antibody targeting a different epitope of tenascin-C. Both G11 and L19 have been engineered as single-chain variable fragments (scFv) and fused to other proteins for therapeutic purposes.
• Interleukin-2 (IL-2): G11 has been genetically fused to IL-2 to generate a fusion protein (scFv(G11)-IL2) for targeted cytokine therapy.
• SIP format (Small Immunoprotein): G11 scFv has been fused to the S2 isoform of human IgE, generating a bivalent antibody format for improved tumor targeting and retention.

Other antibody or protein strategies seen in the same field include:

• Tumor-penetrating peptides like iRGD: These have been conjugated to tenascin-C antibodies (not always specifically G11, but targeting the same antigen) for improved tumor delivery and penetration of cancer drugs.
• Monoclonal antibodies against tumor-associated antigens: In the context of tenascin-C research, antibodies like Herceptin (trastuzumab, anti-HER2) are often used as reference or comparator therapeutic antibodies to benchmark the performance of G11-based therapies.

In summary, the most commonly used antibodies or proteins with G11 in research are:

• L19 antibody (as control or comparator)
• Cytokine fusions, notably IL-2
• Bivalent antibody formats (e.g., SIP-G11)
• Tumor-penetrating peptides such as iRGD (in related strategies targeting tenascin-C)

These combinations optimize tumor targeting, immune cell recruitment, and drug delivery for cancer therapeutics based on G11.

The term "clone G11" appears in multiple contexts within scientific literature, most notably as an antibody clone targeting tenascin-C extra-domain C for tumor targeting, but also as unrelated clones (e.g., G11-6 for feline PD-L1, G11.2 for hybridoma sequencing, and others). The most significant and well-cited body of findings concerns the G11 antibody against tenascin-C, particularly in cancer research.

Key findings for the G11 (tenascin-C) antibody clone:

• High-Affinity Tumor Targeting: G11 is a human antibody with high affinity (dissociation constant (K_D = 4.2) nM) for the extra-domain C of tenascin-C, an extracellular matrix protein overexpressed in various solid tumors, including high-grade astrocytomas and most lung cancers.
• Tumor Selectivity: Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that G11 strongly stains several classes of lung cancers but shows no detectable staining in normal tissues, confirming its specificity for tumor-associated tenascin-C isoforms.
• Versatile Formats for Therapy and Imaging: The G11 antibody has been successfully engineered into different formats—such as scFv (single-chain variable fragment), SIP (small immunoprotein) bivalent mini-antibody, and a fusion protein with interleukin-2—for improved tumor targeting and potential therapeutic or imaging applications.
• Functional Enhancement: Fusion of G11 to the tumor-penetrating peptide iRGD further enhances its ability to target integrins (αVβ3) in a cell-free system, suggesting utility for improved drug delivery into tumors.
• Preclinical Promise: In rodent models, G11 demonstrates effective and selective targeting of solid tumors, supporting its further development for clinical imaging and targeted cancer therapy.

Additional uses of similarly named clones ("G11") in literature:

• G11-6 (anti-feline PD-L1): Used to detect endogenous PD-L1 in feline tumor cell lines, relevant for immuno-oncology research in veterinary medicine.
• G11.2 hybridoma: Studied in hybridoma sequence homogeneity research, unrelated to cancer targeting.
• Anti-mouse CXCL10 G11: A clone developed for pH-dependent antibody binding studies, not related to tenascin-C or tumor imaging.

Summary Table: Contexts of Notable ‘G11’ Clones in Literature

When citing "clone G11" in the context of cancer research and molecular imaging, findings overwhelmingly point to its value as a selective, high-affinity antibody for tumor targeting via tenascin-C. Other cited "G11" clones are clearly distinct and must not be conflated with the tumor-targeting antibody.

The dosing regimens for clone G11, specifically in the context of tenascin-C antibodies, are not explicitly detailed in the provided search results. However, one relevant study mentions the use of iRGD fusion to ScFv G11 antibodies in U87-MG mice, which improved tumor targeting but does not specify dosing regimens for clone G11 itself.

For other antibodies, dosing regimens typically depend on the specific target, application, and mouse model. For example, antibodies like anti-CTLA-4 (e.g., 9H10 and 9D9) are commonly used in cancer immunotherapy with doses ranging from 100 to 250 μg per mouse, administered intraperitoneally every 3 days. Similarly, anti-IL-4 (clone 11B11) is dosed at 1 mg per mouse every 4-5 days in tumor models.

To determine the specific dosing regimen for clone G11 across different mouse models, it would be necessary to consult specific studies or literature related to the use of this clone in various experimental settings.