Anti-Human ICAM-1 – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

The clone 15.2 is used in in vivo mouse studies primarily as an anti-ICAM-1 antibody. Here's how it is utilized:

Use in In Vivo Studies

1. Targeting ICAM-1: The clone 15.2 targets the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), which is crucial for cell-cell interactions and plays a significant role in immune responses and inflammation. ICAM-1 is involved in various biological processes, including the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells, a key step in the inflammatory response.

2. Binding Epitope: This antibody binds to an epitope on the N-terminal Ig-like domain of ICAM-1, specifically within the L43 loop. This precise binding is important for its specificity and effectiveness in modulating ICAM-1 interactions.

3. Species Reactivity: Although the clone is mouse-derived, it is known to react with human, mouse, and rat ICAM-1, making it versatile for studies across these species.

4. Research Applications: In in vivo studies, this antibody can be used to investigate the role of ICAM-1 in various diseases and conditions, such as inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, and immune responses. It can help in understanding the mechanisms of inflammation and disease progression at the molecular level.

5. Low Endotoxin Preparations: The clone 15.2 is available in low endotoxin preparations, which are crucial for in vivo studies to minimize immune responses against the antibody itself, ensuring that any observed effects are due to the antibody's action on ICAM-1 rather than endotoxin contamination.

Overall, the clone 15.2 is a valuable tool for studying ICAM-1's role in immune responses and inflammation in vivo, particularly in mouse models.

For storage of the mouse anti-Human ICAM1 / CD54 Monoclonal Antibody (Clone 15.2) in its sterile packaged form, the manufacturer's instructions specifically recommend storing the antibody at 4°C or at -20°C. This is consistent with general best practices for monoclonal antibodies, which typically list 2°C to 8°C (refrigerated) as the standard short-term storage temperature, and -20°C for longer-term stability. Storing at 4°C is suitable for short-term use, while -20°C is preferred if you need to preserve the antibody for extended periods.

Key additional instructions include:

• Avoid freeze-thaw cycles: Repeatedly freezing and thawing can degrade the antibody, so aliquoting is recommended if you anticipate multiple uses.
• Store undiluted: Dilution can affect stability; keep it in its original, undiluted form until ready for use.
• Protect from light: Whether at 4°C or -20°C, keep the antibody away from light to prevent degradation.
• Centrifuge if precipitate forms: If there is any precipitation, microcentrifugation is recommended before use.

Room temperature storage is not recommended for monoclonal antibodies like Clone 15.2, except possibly during very short-term handling, as extended exposure to higher temperatures can compromise its activity.

Summary Table

In summary: Store Clone 15.2 monoclonal antibody at 4°C for short-term or -20°C for long-term use, avoiding light and frequent temperature changes. Always consult the product datasheet for any specific exceptions.

Based on the search results provided, I can only identify limited information about antibodies commonly used with the 15.2 clone, which appears to be an anti-CD54/ICAM-1 antibody.

Secondary Antibodies

The most commonly mentioned antibodies used with 15.2 are secondary antibodies for detection purposes. In immunofluorescence applications, goat anti-mouse IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor 647-red) secondary antibody is used at a 1:500 dilution following the primary 15.2 antibody. This follows the standard two-step detection protocol where the 15.2 antibody serves as the primary antibody, and enzyme-conjugated or fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies are used for visualization.

Alternative Anti-ICAM-1 Antibodies

The search results mention that there are other antibodies targeting the same ICAM-1/CD54 antigen, specifically the BE29G1 clone, which is also available as an anti-ICAM-1 in vivo antibody. However, the results don't provide information about whether these are commonly used together with 15.2 in experimental protocols.

Detection Enzymes and Reporters

For detection purposes, the 15.2 antibody would typically be used with standard detection systems including horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) or alkaline phosphatase-conjugated secondary antibodies, which are standard components in western blotting, ELISA, and immunohistochemistry protocols.

Unfortunately, the search results don't provide comprehensive information about other proteins or antibodies that are routinely co-used with the 15.2 clone in literature studies. For a complete picture of commonly used antibody combinations or protein panels that include 15.2, additional literature searches focusing on experimental protocols and published studies would be needed.

The term "clone 15.2" in scientific literature most commonly refers to monoclonal antibodies used in immunology, and not to citation analysis or bibliometric studies. The literature points to two main usages for antibodies designated as clone 15.2: anti-ICAM-1 and anti-MHC class II reagents.

Key findings include:

• Clone 15.2 as anti-ICAM-1 antibody:
  Clone 15.2 is a monoclonal antibody that recognizes an epitope on ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1), which is expressed on immune and endothelial cells. It is commonly used for quantitative detection and is noted to be especially reactive with pig ICAM-1. This reagent is important for studies involving immune cell interactions, inflammation, and endothelial biology.

• Clone M5/114.15.2 as anti-MHC class II antibody:
  Often cited as "M5/114.15.2", this monoclonal antibody is specific for murine MHC class II molecules (I-A/I-E) and is used to detect mouse antigen-presenting cells. This tool is vital for immunophenotyping, studying antigen presentation, and tracking leukocyte lineage in mouse models.

• Scientific impact and citation context:
  These antibody clones are widely cited as key reagents in immunology—enabling experiments in flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and cell sorting. Their citations typically mark studies investigating immune cell populations, antigen presentation, or vascular immunobiology using these clones as tools to label or block specific cell surface molecules.

• Clarification regarding bibliometric analysis or retractions:
  No evidence was found for a study, paper, or method specifically named "clone 15.2" in the context of bibliometrics, citation analysis, or literature retraction studies. All relevant findings pertain to the biological reagents and not to studies of citation metrics themselves.

If you are asking about citations to these specific antibody clones in the literature, their key contribution is enabling precise immunological studies by targeting well-defined cell surface markers. If you meant "clone 15.2" in a different context (such as a citation analysis algorithm or tool), please provide additional detail, as the search results do not indicate such a use.