Anti-Human ICAM-1 – Purified in vivo GOLD™ Functional Grade

The clone 15.2 antibody is most commonly used to target human ICAM-1 (CD54) in mice, where its in vivo applications mainly involve blocking ICAM-1 function to study immune responses or inflammatory processes. It does not bind mouse ICAM-1 with high affinity, so its use in mice typically centers on experiments with humanized mouse models expressing human ICAM-1.

Key in vivo applications of clone 15.2 in mice include:

• Blocking human ICAM-1-mediated cell adhesion and migration, which can modulate immune cell trafficking and inflammation in transplanted human tissue or in xenograft models.
• Assessment of antibody pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and therapeutic efficacy for targeting human ICAM-1 in vivo, especially in studies of inflammatory diseases or transplantation biology.
• Functional blocking of human ICAM-1 in humanized mice to dissect the role of this molecule in leukocyte recruitment and immune cell interactions.

Important context:

• Clone 15.2 is a mouse monoclonal IgG1 antibody recognizing a specific epitope on human ICAM-1/CD54 but does not efficiently bind mouse ICAM-1. Thus, in vivo applications in mice either require human ICAM-1-expressing tissues, tumors, or cells.
• Anti-ICAM-1 clone 15.2 is widely used in research settings for its blocking activity and specificity, but it is not intended for therapeutic use in animals or humans.
• For studies requiring mouse ICAM-1 targeting in standard mouse models, researchers must use a different clone with appropriate species reactivity.

Summary of major in vivo research uses with clone 15.2:

• Blocking human ICAM-1 in humanized or xenograft mouse models of inflammation, transplantation, or immune cell migration.
• Studying the interaction between human ICAM-1 and immune cells in vivo.
• Validating antibody pharmacology and safety using low-endotoxin preparations to avoid confounding immune activation in vivo.

If you need applications of clone 15.2 that target mouse ICAM-1 in wild-type mice, the evidence does not support this; clone 15.2 is specific for human CD54/ICAM-1. For blocking mouse MHC class II molecules in vivo, a commonly confused but distinct clone is M5/114.15.2, not 15.2.

The 15.2 antibody is commonly used for detecting ICAM-1 (Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1) in various applications such as flow cytometry, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). While specific papers or studies directly combining the 15.2 antibody with other antibodies or proteins may not be detailed in the search results, here are some commonly used antibodies or proteins that might be used in conjunction with ICAM-1 or similar molecular biology studies:

Commonly Used Antibodies

1. CD18 Antibodies: These are often used alongside ICAM-1 antibodies because ICAM-1 is a ligand for β2 integrins (including CD18) on leukocytes.
2. CD29 Antibodies: Used in conjunction with ICAM-1 to study cell adhesion processes, as CD29 is part of the VLA-4 integrin that can bind to ICAM-1.
3. LFA-1 (CD11a/CD18) Antibodies: Given that LFA-1 is a primary ligand for ICAM-1, these antibodies are often used together to study leukocyte adhesion and migration.

Proteins Used in Similar Studies

1. Hyaluronan and Hyaluronidase: These proteins are involved in extracellular matrix remodeling and might be studied in conjunction with ICAM-1 in inflammatory or cancer research.
2. Integrins: Such as α4β1 and α5β1, which are involved in cell adhesion and migration processes similar to ICAM-1.
3. Immune Checkpoint Proteins: Like PD-1 and CTLA-4, which are crucial in immune regulation and might be studied alongside ICAM-1 in immunotherapy contexts.

In research focused on SARS-CoV-2, antibodies targeting the Spike protein or other viral components are commonly used, but they are not directly related to the function of ICAM-1 or the 15.2 antibody unless exploring immune responses or viral entry mechanisms.

The term "clone 15.2" in scientific literature most commonly refers to a monoclonal antibody against human CD54 (ICAM-1), designated as clone 15.2. This reagent is widely used to analyze ICAM-1 expression in human cells and tissues, and is reported to be cross-reactive with porcine ICAM-1.

Key findings and uses from the literature include:

• Application: Clone 15.2 is used primarily in flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and related assays to measure ICAM-1 expression on a variety of cell types, which is critical for studying cell adhesion, inflammation, and immune response.

• Clinical Relevance: ICAM-1 (CD54) is an important cell adhesion molecule; elevated levels are associated with inflammatory and immune-mediated syndromes. Soluble ICAM-1 can be detected in plasma and is found at higher concentrations in patients with various inflammatory disorders.

• Cross-Reactivity: The antibody has been reported to cross-react with porcine ICAM-1, expanding its utility beyond human samples.

• Not for Diagnostic Use: All sources emphasize that products containing clone 15.2 are for research use only and not for clinical diagnostics.

There is another, less common, clone designation (M5/114.15.2) reported in the literature referring to an antibody against murine MHC class II (I-A/I-E), but in general, “clone 15.2” without the M5/114 prefix refers to anti-human ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody.

The scientific value and widespread citation of clone 15.2 arises from:

• Its specificity for human ICAM-1.
• Its reliability in both in vitro and in vivo studies, including cell activation, migration, and inflammation assays.

There is no indication in the indexed search material that “clone 15.2” refers to an experimental method or tool outside the context of anti-ICAM-1 antibody usage in biomedical research. If you need data on the antibody’s performance in specific disease models, studies, or citation metrics, please specify further.

Unfortunately, the search results do not provide specific information on the dosing regimens of clone 15.2 across different mouse models. However, they do offer insights into general dosing strategies for other monoclonal antibodies in mouse models, which might be relevant for understanding how dosing regimens can vary.

For monoclonal antibodies in general, dosing regimens can vary significantly based on the antibody's target, the mouse model used (e.g., immunocompetent vs. immunocompromised), and the specific application (e.g., cancer immunotherapy vs. immune cell depletion). For example:

• Checkpoint Blockade Antibodies: These often require doses in the range of 100-500 μg per mouse, administered intraperitoneally, with dosing schedules ranging from every 3-4 days to multiple times per week, depending on the specific antibody and model.
• Pharmacokinetics (PK) Across Strains: The PK of monoclonal antibodies can differ significantly across mouse strains due to factors like immune system knockout status and the presence of anti-drug antibodies.

If clone 15.2 is a monoclonal antibody being studied, its dosing regimen would likely be influenced by these factors, but specific details would need to come from studies directly addressing this antibody.