Anti-Mouse/Human TGF-β [1D11.16.8] – Purified in vivo PLATINUM™ Functional Grade

The 1D11.16.8 clone is widely used in in vivo mouse studies as a neutralizing antibody against TGF-? (transforming growth factor beta), serving as a powerful research tool to investigate the biological roles of this multifunctional cytokine.

Neutralization Mechanism and Applications

The 1D11.16.8 monoclonal antibody functions by neutralizing TGF-? activity across multiple isoforms (TGF-? 1, 2, and 3), making it particularly valuable for studying TGF-? signaling pathways in living mouse models. This neutralizing capability allows researchers to effectively block TGF-? function and observe the resulting physiological changes.

Specific Research Applications

In mouse studies, the 1D11.16.8 antibody has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential in several disease models. Research has shown that TGF-? inhibition using this antibody significantly improved overall mortality, weight loss, fat mass, and lean body mass in experimental conditions. This makes it particularly useful for studying metabolic disorders, muscle wasting conditions, and cachexia-related research.

The antibody has also been employed to investigate muscle weakness associated with bone-related conditions, where excess TGF-? signaling contributes to pathological processes. By neutralizing TGF-? activity, researchers can determine whether blocking this pathway provides therapeutic benefits in musculoskeletal disorders.

Technical Considerations for In Vivo Use

For in vivo mouse studies, the antibody is available in specialized formulations designed for animal research. The InVivoPlus formulation is specifically optimized for in vivo applications, ensuring low endotoxin levels and high purity suitable for animal studies. The antibody is produced under serum-free conditions and purified using protein-A or protein-G affinity chromatography to meet the stringent requirements for in vivo research.

Research Impact and Versatility

The broad species cross-reactivity of 1D11.16.8 (reacting with mouse, human, rat, monkey, hamster, canine, and bovine TGF-?) makes it particularly valuable for translational research where findings in mouse models may be relevant to other species. This versatility supports comparative studies and enhances the translational potential of research findings from mouse models to human disease conditions.

The high citation count (93 product citations for the InVivoMAb version) indicates widespread adoption in the research community, reflecting its reliability and effectiveness in studying TGF-? biology across various disease models and experimental conditions.

The correct storage temperature for the sterile packaged clone 1D11.16.8 (anti-TGF-? antibody) depends on the intended storage duration:

Short-term Storage

Store at 4°C for 1-2 weeks for short-term use. One source also mentions that for continuous use, the undiluted antibody can be stored at 2-8°C for up to a week.

Medium-term Storage

Store at -20°C for up to 12 months for medium-term storage. For long-term storage needs, aliquot the antibody and store at -20°C or below.

Long-term Storage

Store at -80°C for long-term storage beyond 12 months.

Important Storage Considerations

• Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles
• Storage in frost-free freezers is not recommended
• The antibody should be shipped with ice pack and stored immediately at the recommended temperature upon receipt
• Gently mix the antibody solution before use and consider spinning the vial prior to opening

The storage buffer for this clone is 0.01M PBS at pH 7.4, and it maintains a concentration of 1 mg/ml with greater than 95% purity.

The 1D11.16.8 antibody is a pan-neutralizing monoclonal antibody against TGF-? isoforms (1, 2, and 3), and it is frequently used in literature to study TGF-? signaling and its biological effects. In studies utilizing 1D11.16.8, the following other antibodies or proteins are commonly used in parallel or in combination:

• FnEDA antibody: In some studies, 1D11.16.8 has been used alongside an antibody targeting fibronectin extra domain A (FnEDA), particularly in research focused on fibrotic processes. For example, engineered dual-variable-domain immunoglobulins (DVD-Igs) were created combining the variable domains from the parental TGF-? mAb 1D11 and the FnEDA mAb. This enables the simultaneous targeting of both TGF-? and FnEDA in fibrotic disease models.

• Secondary antibodies (e.g., anti-mouse IgG HRP conjugate): Since 1D11.16.8 is a mouse monoclonal antibody, studies often use goat anti-mouse IgG conjugated to HRP (horseradish peroxidase) as a secondary antibody for detection in immunoassays such as Western blot.

• TGF-? recombinant proteins: In both neutralization and detection applications, recombinant TGF-?1, TGF-?2, or TGF-?3 proteins may be used as antigen controls or to validate neutralizing activity.

• Other cell markers or signaling proteins (application-dependent): Depending on the focus of the study (e.g., immune cell type, fibrosis, cancer), additional markers might include:

  • ?-SMA or collagen for fibrosis studies.
  • CD45 or specific T cell markers in immunology.
  • Smad2/3 or phospho-Smad2/3 to assess TGF-? downstream signaling.
  • Cytokine panels (e.g., IL-6, TNF-?) in broader inflammation or immune profiling.

The choice of antibodies/proteins used alongside 1D11.16.8 will depend on the specific biological question and model system. However, FnEDA antibodies and secondary antibodies are among the most commonly reported combinations in published research.

Clone 1D11.16.8 is a widely cited mouse monoclonal antibody that neutralizes transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-?) isoforms 1, 2, and 3, and is used as a research tool to investigate TGF-? functions in numerous biological contexts.

Key findings from scientific literature citing clone 1D11.16.8 include:

• Broad TGF-? neutralization: The antibody targets all three TGF-? isoforms, making it valuable in studies on TGF-?’s role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, immune modulation, and fibrosis.
• In vivo efficacy in cancer models: 1D11.16.8 has been shown to significantly improve survival and reduce cancer cachexia (weight/fat/muscle loss) in mouse models of advanced pancreatic cancer. Treatment with 1D11.16.8 attenuates mortality, preserves fat and lean body mass, increases bone density, and diminishes muscle proteolysis in tumor-bearing mice.
• Suppression of TGF-? signaling: Studies demonstrate that 1D11.16.8 treatment reduces both systemic and intramuscular TGF-? levels and downstream signaling (such as Smad2/3 phosphorylation), correlating with improved clinical parameters in preclinical studies.
• Application in functional assays: The antibody is commonly used for Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, neutralization/inhibition studies, and functional assays, confirming its specificity and broad reactivity across multiple species (human, mouse, rat, monkey, hamster, dog, cow).
• Immunomodulation roles: Research involving 1D11.16.8 underscores TGF-?’s immunosuppressive functions, supporting its involvement in cancer progression and immune evasion; blockade by this antibody enhances anti-tumor immune responses and may modify NK and T cell activity.
• Production and purification: 1D11.16.8 is produced under defined, serum-free conditions, and is highly pure and specific, allowing reliable results in vivo and in vitro.
• Versatility across models: The antibody has been validated in various tumor models and biological systems, indicating that the effects of TGF-? blockade are not tumor-type specific.

In summary, clone 1D11.16.8 is a key research antibody for dissecting the roles of TGF-? in cancer, cachexia, and immunoregulation, with numerous studies showing that its use leads to significant improvement in disease and metabolic outcomes in preclinical models.